基于瓦斯防治工程的隐伏构造勘查与瓦斯异常区域预测  

Exploration of hidden structure and prediction of gas anomaly area based on gas control projects

作　　者：何鑫 崔洪庆[1,2,3] 关金锋 王泽华 HE Xin;CUI Hongqing;GUAN Jinfeng;WANG Zehua(Henan Polytechnic University College of Safety Science and Engineering,Jiaozuo,Henan 454000,China;Key Laboratory of Gas Geology and Gas Control in Henan Province,Jiaozuo,Henan 454000,China;Co-innovation Center of Coal Seam(Shale)Gas in Central Plains Economic Zone,Jiaozuo,Henan 454000,China;Guizhou University of Engineering Science College of Mining Engineering,Bijie,Guizhou 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院,河南焦作454000 [2]河南省瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理重点实验室,河南焦作454000 [3]中原经济区煤层(页岩)气协同创新中心,河南焦作454000 [4]贵州工程应用技术学院矿业工程学院,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2024年第2期115-126,共12页The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41372160)。

摘　　要：隐伏构造勘查与瓦斯异常区域预测研究是瓦斯灾害防治工程的基础。根据中国煤矿生产法律规章,开采具有瓦斯灾害危险的煤层前,必须实施瓦斯抽放工程。通常,地质异常区域即是瓦斯灾害危险区,构造应力场和采动应力场的叠加会扰动煤体并加压瓦斯。为精准定位地质异常区,评价其瓦斯致灾潜能,提出了一种基于瓦斯抽采工程进行瓦斯异常区域勘测的研究方法。该方法利用抽采钻孔参数和施工记录,采集钻孔数据并计算煤层顶底板控制点坐标,进而利用二维投影图件及三维应力场模型对隐伏地质构造(如小的断层、褶曲、局部煤厚异常变化等)进行勘查和预测;通过分析小型地质构造周围的附加应力场,并对瓦斯致灾潜能进行动态预测。应用该方法,可以对地质异常区进行精细调查,揭示采煤工作面瓦斯地质演化的一般规律。其研究结果为高瓦斯或突出煤层瓦斯灾害防治措施优化设计及有效实施提供科学依据。The investigation of hidden structures and the prediction of gas abnormal area form the foundation of gas disaster prevention engineering.In accordance with the laws and regulations governing coal mining in our country,a gas pumping project must be implemented prior to mining coal seams with a gas hazard.Typically,geologic anomaly area represent gas hazard zones,where the combination of tectonic stress field and mining-induced stress field can disturb coal bodies and pressurize gas.To accurately locate geologic anomaly areas and evaluate their gas disaster potential,a gas geologic anomaly survey method has been proposed based on gas extraction projects.This method uses drilling parameters and records to calculate the coordinates of the control points of the coal seam roof and bottom,and then utilizes two-dimensional projection diagrams and three-dimensional stress field models to survey and forecast small,hidden geological structures(such as small faults,folds,and locally abnormal coal thicknesses).By analyzing the additional stress field surrounding small geological structures,gas disaster potential can be dynamically predicted.The application of this method enables the detailed investigation of geological anomalies and reveals the general pattern of gas geological evolution at coal mining worksites.The research results provide a scientific basis for the optimal design and effective implementation of disaster prevention and control measures for coal seams with high gas content or at risk of gas outbursts.

关 键 词：瓦斯灾害防治 瓦斯抽采钻孔 瓦斯地质 瓦斯异常 地质异常 

分 类 号：TD166[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]