氨基酸螯合镧(La(Ⅲ)-AA)不同施用方式对酸雨胁迫下水稻幼苗生理指标的影响  

Effect of La(Ⅲ)-AA with Different Application Techniques on Physiological Indexes of Oryza sativa L.Seedling under Acid Rain Stress

作　　者：谢恩耀 郑玉童 冯梦玲 陆梅 钱加越 王霞[1] 吴炜 张慧引 周淘淘 朱海莉 陈佳佳 金琎[1] Xie Enyao;Zheng Yutong;Feng Mengling;Lu Mei;Qian Jiayue;Wang Xia;Wu Wei;Zhang Huiyin;Zhou Taotao;Zhu Haili;Chen Jiajia;Jin Jin(School of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;Gen Chim Testing Technology(Shanghai)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学化学与生命科学学院,江苏苏州215009 [2]鉴甄检测技术(上海)有限公司,上海201403

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2024年第2期349-359,I0005,共12页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：江苏省高校青蓝工程基金项目(201806)资助。

摘　　要：酸雨对农业生态系统中作物的影响,攸关粮食安全,抗酸(雨)减灾研究迫在眉睫。为探讨在酸雨胁迫下新型氨基酸螯合镧(La(Ⅲ)-AA)溶液(施用浓度为20mg·L^(-1))不同施用技术(叶片喷施/根部灌溉)对作物幼苗生长发育生理生化指标及抗逆性的影响。本研究采用模拟酸雨污染盆栽实验方法,采用叶片喷施和根部灌溉两种施用模式处理植株,每隔5d进行一次采样测定,以研究人工模拟酸雨胁迫下,水稻幼苗期8项生理指标在不同施用方式情况下所产生的变化。结果表明,La(Ⅲ)-AA在两种不同施用方式下均能够有效降低酸雨对质膜透性、超氧阴离子自由基产生速率、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量的影响,提高过氧化氢酶活性、过氧化物酶活性、叶绿素含量和氮代谢强度,但叶片喷施方式对质膜透性和叶绿素含量的效果更为迅速,而根部灌溉方式对植物抗氧化物酶活能够起到更好的促进作用,有效提高植株抗逆性。由此可见,La(Ⅲ)-AA的两种施用方式均能够使得水稻幼苗的生长发育获得良好的促进作用,叶喷方式能够为作物提供优良的防护效果更适合应对急性酸雨伤害,而根施方式则能够有效的增强植株体抗逆性应对长期酸雨伤害更优。因此合理施用氨基酸螯合镧在减轻酸雨污染对作物的伤害的同时,亦可以对作物生长发育起到促进作用。Acid rain affects crops in agro-ecosystem,which is critical to food security.It is of great significance to investigate the effects of different application techniques(Foliar spray application/Root irrigation application)of new amino acid chelate lanthanum(La(Ⅲ)-AA)(the application concentration is 20 mg·L^(-1))on physiological indexes and stress resistance of crop seedlings under acid rain stress.In this research,the pot experiment method for simulating acid rain pollution was adopted,and the plants were treated with two application modes:foliar spray and root irrigation.Samples were collected every 5 days to detect the changes of 8 physiological indexes in Oryza sativa L.seedling stage under different application methods.The results show that the two application methods of La(Ⅲ)-AA can effectively reduce the effects of acid rain on plasma membrane permeability,superoxide anion radical production rate,malondialdehyde content,proline content,and increase catalase activity,peroxidase activity,chlorophyll content and nitrogen metabolism intensity.Comparatively,foliar spray application has a more rapid effect on plasma membrane permeability and chlorophyll content,while root irrigation application can better promote plant antioxidant enzyme activity and effectively improve plant stress resistance.In conclusion,the two application methods of La La(Ⅲ)-AA can promote the growth and development of Oryza sativa L.seedlings;the foliar spray method can provide excellent protection effect for crops and is more suitable for dealing with acute acid rain damage,while the root irrigation method can effectively enhance the stress resistance of plants to deal with long-term acid rain damage.Therefore,rational application of lanthanum chelate can not only reduce the damage of acid rain pollution to crops,but also promote the growth and development of crops.

关 键 词：氨基酸螯合镧 叶片喷施 根部灌溉 酸雨胁迫 水稻幼苗 生理指标 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学] X59[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S511.034[农业科学—作物学]