水平轴风电机组叶片摆振与挥舞机理建模  

Modeling of Blade Vibration Mechanism at Edgewise and Flapwise in Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines

作　　者：王思清 滕伟[1] 王罗 刘宇 彭迪康 马志勇[1] 柳亦兵[1] WANG Siqing;TENG Wei;WANG Luo;LIU Yu;PENG Dikang;MA Zhiyong;LIU Yibing(Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206;China Three Gorges Corporation,Beijing 100038;China Green Development Investment Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100020)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学电站能量传递转化与系统教育部重点实验室,北京102206 [2]中国长江三峡集团有限公司,北京100038 [3]中国绿发投资集团有限公司,北京100020

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2024年第3期131-142,共12页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775186)。

摘　　要：水平轴风电机组叶片振动机理建模是研究叶片振动规律及进行故障诊断的基础。基于多坐标变换,考虑塔影效应、几何非线性和桨距角变化等因素的影响,建立结构动力学与空气动力学耦合的水平轴风电机组叶片摆振、挥舞振动机理模型。以某2 MW风电机组柔性叶片以及某场站3 MW风电机组叶片为对象,构建了多体动力学模型,分别与GH Bladed软件计算结果和机组实测数据相比,具有较高的吻合度。基于此模型,研究了稳态工况下,塔影效应、几何非线性以及桨距角变化对叶片运行参数和振动的影响。结果表明,叶片轴向推力和转矩在塔影区有明显下降,同时挥舞方向振动在塔影区存在显著波动。叶片的侧向弯曲刚度随着方位角的变化呈谐波式变化,转速影响叶片侧向弯曲刚度大小。当风速过大时,叶片通过桨距角变化可以有效抑制振动。The vibration mechanism of wind turbine blade is modeled as the foundation for studying blade vibration patterns and conducting fault diagnosis.A coupled structural dynamic and aerodynamic model of horizontal-axis wind turbine blade edgewise and flapwise vibrations is established by considering factors such as tower shadow effect,geometric nonlinearity,and pitch angle variations based on multi-coordinate transformations.The multi-body dynamic models are constructed for a 2 MW wind turbine flexible blade and a 3 MW wind turbine blade at one on-site wind farm,and the results show relatively high agreement with the calculations from GH Bladed software and measurements from actual blade.Based on this,the effects of tower shadow,geometric nonlinearity and pitch angle variations on blade operating parameters and vibration under steady-state conditions are studied.The results show that the axial thrust and torque of the blade decrease significantly in the tower shadow area.At the same time,there is a significant fluctuation in the wave direction vibration in the tower shadow area.The lateral bending stiffness of the blade varies harmonically with the azimuth angle,and the speed affects the lateral bending stiffness of the blade.When the wind speed is too high,vibration can be effectively suppressed by changing the pitch angle of the blade.

关 键 词：空气动力学 结构动力学 塔影效应 几何非线性 摆振与挥舞 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程] O313[理学—一般力学与力学基础]