基于引气封油方式的轴承腔密封间隙油气两相泄漏流动特性数值与试验研究  

Numerical and Experimental Study on Oil-air Two-phase,Eakage Flow Characteristics Based on Air-bleeding Oil-sealing Mode in Seal Clearance of Bearing Cavity

作　　者：郭金道 赵欢 王平[3] 孙丹 王双 GUO Jindao;ZHAO Huan;WANG Ping;SUN Dan;WANG Shuang(School of Aero-engine,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136;Liaoning Key Lab of Advanced Test Technology for Aerospace Propulsion System,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136;AECC Sichuan Gas Turbine Establishment,Chengdu 610000)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学航空发动机学院,沈阳110136 [2]沈阳航空航天大学辽宁省航空推进系统先进测试技术重点实验室,沈阳110136 [3]中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院,成都610000

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2024年第3期214-225,共12页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

摘　　要：轴承腔滑油泄漏直接影响航空发动机的安全性,而现有研究缺乏引气条件对轴承腔滑油密封性能的探索。设计搭建轴承腔密封间隙油气两相泄漏流动特性试验装置,建立轴承腔油气两相泄漏流动特性数值求解模型,在数值与试验结果相互验证的基础上,研究轴承腔密封间隙油气两相分布状态与临界封油特性。研究表明:供气压强高于临界封油气压时,滑油与封油气体在油腔内混合形成复杂的油气两相状态,滑油油位越高,油气两相混合区域越大;供气压强低于临界封油气压时,滑油流入密封间隙,油气交界面状态呈现波状或条状,滑油流入气腔后首先呈现股状下流,而后呈膜状渗流。密封间隙由0.05 mm增加至0.20 mm,临界封油气压增加221.5%;滑油油位由30 mm增至120 mm,临界封油气压增加129.2%。滑油油位通过影响滑油加速度、密封间隙通过影响滑油加速度和节流效应对滑油泄漏流动产生影响。研究内容为轴承腔密封间隙泄漏流动特性分析与临界封油气压判定提供理论依据。The oil leakage of bearing cavity directly affects the safety of aero-engine,but the existing research lacks the exploration of oil sealing performance of bearing cavity under air-bleeding oil-sealing conditions.An experimental device for oil-air two-phase leakage flow characteristics in sealing clearance of bearing cavity is designed and built,a numerical solution model for oil-air two-phase leakage flow characteristics in bearing cavity is established,on the basis of mutual verification of numerical values and experimental results,the oil-air two-phase distribution and critical sealing characteristics of bearing cavity sealing clearance are studied.The results show that:When the air-bleeding pressure is higher than the critical sealing pressure,the lubricating oil and the pressurized air mix in the oil cavity to form a complex oil-air two-phase state,the higher the oil level,the larger the oil-air mixing area;When the air bleed pressure is lower than the critical sealing pressure,the lubricating oil flows into the sealing clearance,the state of oil-air interface is wavy or strip,and the oil flows into the air cavity first in a fluid-like flow,and then in a membrane-like flow.The sealing clearance width increases from 0.05 mm to 0.20 mm,and the critical sealing pressure increases by 221.5%.When the oil level increases from 30 mm to 120 mm,the critical seal pressure increases by 129.2%.The oil level affects the oil leakage flow by affecting the oil acceleration,and the sealing gap width affects the oil leakage flow by affecting the oil acceleration and throttling effect.The research content provides theoretical basis for the analysis of leakage flow characteristics and oil-sealing pressure determination of critical seal pressure.

关 键 词：轴承腔 引气封油 油气两相流 泄漏流动 临界封油气压 

分 类 号：V233[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]