难加工材料绿色磨削用相变储热复合砂轮的研制  

Development of the Phase Change Heat Storage Composite Wheel for Green Grinding of Difficult-to-cut Materials

作　　者：赫青山[1] 谢永晨 崔仲鸣[1] 傅玉灿[2] HE Qingshan;XIE Yongchen;CUI Zhongming;FU Yucan(School of Mechancial and Electrical Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001;College of Mechancial and Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学机电工程学院,郑州450001 [2]南京航空航天大学机电学院,南京210016

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2024年第3期405-414,共10页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51775170);国家自然科学基金重大研究计划(92060203)资助项目。

摘　　要：高强韧性难加工材料在磨削时容易发生工件表面烧伤,而常规使用磨削液冷却带来的高能耗、环境污染等问题已不容忽视。提出利用沸腾传热和储热技术原理改善砂轮的热学性能实现砂轮对磨削弧区的强化换热,研制了具有高传热系数和较大热容属性的相变储热复合砂轮,并分析了复合砂轮的传热系数和等效热容。设计制作了复合砂轮热学性能分析装置,通过监测多个位置温度变化分析了不同热流密度、工质注入量和散热条件对复合砂轮热学性能的影响,最后进行干磨削高温合金GH4169对比试验。结果表明,复合砂轮的传热系数相对于传统金属基体砂轮可提高2~3倍,工质进入沸腾传热的启动时间在6~15 s,同时增加砂轮热容可以有效减少弧区热量积累以及减缓弧区温升速率;在缓进给深切干磨工艺下使用相变储热复合砂轮的磨削温度在330℃以下,相对于传统砂轮降低了20%。Difficult-to-cut materials with high strength and toughness are prone to the burnout of workpiece surface during grinding;However,the problems of high energy consumption and environmental pollution caused by conventional grinding coolant cannot be ignored.Using boiling heat transfer and heat storage technology to improve wheel thermal performance so as to realize enhanced heat transfer in grinding zone.A phase change heat storage composite wheel with high heat transfer coefficient and large heat capacity is developed,and heat transfer coefficient and equivalent heat capacity are analyzed.A composite wheel thermal performance analysis device is designed and manufactured to analyze for different factors as heat flux,injection amount of working substance and heat dissipation conditions on composite wheel thermal performance by monitoring temperature changes at multiple locations.Finally,the comparative experiment of dry grinding superalloy GH4169 are carried out.Results show that the composite wheel heat transfer coefficient can be increased 2-3 times compared with the traditional wheel,and the start-up time of working substance entering boiling heat transfer is 6-15 s.At the same time,increasing heat capacity of the wheel can effectively reduce heat accumulation as well as slow down temperature rise rate in grinding zone.Grinding temperatures of the phase change heat storage composite wheel under creep-feed deep dry grinding process are below 330℃,which can be reduced by 20%compared with the traditional wheel.

关 键 词：磨削 超硬磨料砂轮 高温合金 绿色加工 沸腾传热 

分 类 号：TG580[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]