超燃冲压发动机研究回顾与展望  

Review and prospect of research on scramjet

作　　者：刘小勇[1] 王明福 刘建文[1] 任鑫[1] 张轩 LIU Xiaoyong;WANG Mingfu;LIU Jianwen;REN Xin;ZHANG Xuan(Beijing Power Machinery Institute,Beijing 100074,China)

机构地区：[1]北京动力机械研究所,北京100074

出　　处：《航空学报》2024年第5期218-244,共27页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家级项目。

摘　　要：自20世纪50年代以来,航空航天领域把超燃冲压发动机作为高超声速推进系统的一种追求目标,在理论和技术方面矢志不渝地开展了大量研究工作。21世纪初,美国取得了一系列接近实际应用的技术突破,将超燃冲压发动机技术的研究和应用推动至新阶段。简述了超燃冲压发动机工作原理,论述了双模态工作过程、高超声速压缩流动、超声速燃烧、超高温结构与热防护、地面试验与数值模拟等关键技术的难点和新进展,并针对超燃冲压发动机宽速域、可重复和更高马赫数等当前重点技术发展方向,阐述了认识和建议。Since the 1950s,scramjet has been regarded as a goal of the hypersonic propulsion system in the aero⁃space field,and extensive research work has been conducted in both theory and practical technology.At the begin⁃ning of the 21st century,the United States made a series of technological breakthroughs close to practical applica⁃tions,pushing the research and application of the scramjet technology to a new stage.This paper briefly describes the working principle of the scramjet,discusses the difficulties and latest progress in key technologies such as dual-mode working process,hypersonic compression flow,supersonic combustion,ultra-high temperature structure and thermal protection,ground test and numerical simulation,and expounds the understanding and suggestions on the develop⁃ment direction of key technologies such as wide speed range,repeatability,and higher Mach number of scramjet.

关 键 词：超燃冲压发动机 超声速燃烧 超高温结构 再生冷却 高超声速 

分 类 号：V11[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]