2020-2022年山东省海阳市农村中小学生吸烟状况调查  

Investigation and analysis on tobacco control among primary and secondary school students in rural arca of Haiyang city,Shandong province from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：李金萃 孙发平 杨新斐 LI Jin-cui;SUN Fa-ping;YANG Xin-fei(Haiyang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong 265100,China)

机构地区：[1]海阳市疾病预防控制中心,山东烟台265100

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第1期61-63,80,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解2020-2022年山东省海阳市农村中小学生的吸烟状况及二手烟暴露情况,为制定中小学生控烟措施提供依据。方法采用随机整群分层抽样的方法,2020-2022年每年9-10月从山东省海阳市农村学校中选取2所小学、2所初中和1所高中的学生为调查对象,进行问卷调查。共发放问卷4621份,回收有效问卷4536份。分析农村中小学生的尝试吸烟率、现在吸烟率及二手烟暴露情况。结果2020-2022年海阳市农村中小学生的尝试吸烟率为3.06%(139/4536),现在吸烟率为2.07%(94/4536)。高年级学生的尝试吸烟率、现在吸烟率较高(χ^(2)值分别为119.5、95.82,P<0.01)。男生的尝试吸烟率、现在吸烟率高于女生(χ^(2)值分别为62.63、45.31,P<0.01)。不同年度中小学生的尝试吸烟率、现在吸烟率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为0.91、0.91,P>0.05)。中小学生二手烟暴露率为44.78%(2031/4536)。高年级学生的二手烟暴露率高于低年级(χ^(2)=404.16,P<0.01),男生的二手烟暴露率高于女生(χ^(2)=98.49,P<0.01)。暴露场所为家庭1082人、其他公共场所429人、餐馆(小饭桌)349人、学校171人,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1053.80,P<0.01)。结论海阳市农村中小学生存在尝试吸烟和现在吸烟现象,而且二手烟暴露率较高,家庭是农村中小学生二手烟暴露的主要场所。Objective To understand the smoking behavior and second-hand smoke exposure among primary and secondary school students,so as to provide a basis for developing tobacco control measures for primary and secondary school students.Methods A random cluster stratified sampling method was used to select students from 2 elementary schools,2 middle schools and 1 high school from rural schools in Haiyang city,Shandong province in September-October of each year from 2020 to 2022 to conduct the questionnaire survey.The trial smoking rate,current smoking rate and second-hand smoke exposure rate were analyzed.Results The rate of attempted smoking among rural primary and secondary school students in Haiyang city from 2020 to 2022 was 3.06%(139/4536),and the rate of current smoking was 2.07%(94/4536).The rate of attempted smoking and current smoking was higher among senior students(χ^(2)=119.5,95.82,P<0.01),and it was higher among male students than female students(χ^(2)=62.63,45.31,respectively,P<0.01).The differences in the rates of attempted smoking and current smoking among primary and secondary school students in different years were not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.91,0.91,respectively,P>0.05).The exposure rate of secondhand smoke among primary and secondary school students was 44.78%(2031/4536).The exposure rate of secondhand smoke was higher in the higher grades than in the lower grades(χ^(2)=404.16,P<0.01),and the exposure rate of secondhand smoke was higher in boys than in girls(χ^(2)=98.49,P<0.01).The places of exposure were 1082 in homes,429 in other public places,349 in restaurants(small restaurants for pupils),and 171 in schools,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=1053.80,P<0.01).Conclusion Rural primary and secondary school students in Haiyang city have tried smoking and current smoking phenomena,and the rate of exposure to secondhand smoke is high,and home is the main place where rural primary and secondary school students are exposed to secondhand smoke.

关 键 词：中小学生 农村 尝试吸烟 现在吸烟 二手烟 

分 类 号：R127[医药卫生—环境卫生学] G478.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]