基于实证分析中国自然保护区地方立法问题检视和优化路径  

Problem review and optimization path of local legislation in nature reserves in China based on empirical analysis

作　　者：所翟 俞渃茜 李媛辉[1,2] 徐基良[3] Di Suo;Ruoxi Yu;Yuanhui Li;Jiliang Xu(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;Center for Forestry and Grassland Law Research,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学人文社会科学学院,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学林业和草原法治研究中心,北京100083 [3]北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生物多样性》2024年第2期161-167,共7页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“山水林田湖草沙系统治理法律制度体系研究”(2021SPZ01);“生态文明视域下林业草原重大法律制度专项评估”(2023010704)。

摘　　要：地方立法是中国自然保护区法律体系的重要组成部分。中国自然保护区地方立法从数量上看已不少,但整体上与当前生态文明建设和自然保护区管理提质增效的要求尚有一定差距。本文通过对116部中国自然保护区地方法律规范的实证分析发现,自然保护区地方立法主要呈现立法时间跨度较大、立法数量新时期增长较快、立法地域分布广泛、立法模式上综合性与专门性相结合等特征。当前,自然保护区地方立法面临着过时立法、抵触立法、重复立法等诸多问题。为有效破解上述难题,可尝试从立法清理和立法特色两个维度下功夫,加快地方立法清理的工作进程,突出地方立法特色,提升中国自然保护区地方立法质效。Background&Aim:The construction of relevant laws and regulations in nature reserves plays an important role in combating various illegal and criminal activities that damage nature reserves,maintaining national ecological security,protecting biodiversity,preserving natural heritage and improving the quality of ecological environment.Local legislation is an important part of the legal system of nature reserves in China.There are lots of local legislations on nature reserves in China,but there is still a certain gap between them and the current requirements of ecological civilization construction and quality and efficiency improvement of nature reserve management.In order to enhance the implementation effect of local legislation on nature reserves in China and make it play an important role in protecting biodiversity,we studied the development dilemma and optimization path of local legislation on nature reserves.Method:Our study searched and summarized a total of 116 effective local legislations of nature reserves in China.We then analyzed the characteristics of local legislations of nature reserves in China from the aspects of spatial and temporal distribution,number of legislations and legislative models.Through literature and comparative research,we conducted in-depth analysis of the problems existing in local legislations of nature reserves.Review Results:We found that the local legislation of nature reserves mainly presents the characteristics of large legislative time span,rapid growth in the number of legislation in the new era,wide geographical distribution of legislation,and the combination of comprehensiveness and specialization in the legislative model.At present,the local legislation of nature reserves is facing many problems,such as outdated legislation,conflicting legislation,repeated legislation and so on.Conclusion:In order to adapt to China’s reform goal of“establishing a natural reserve system with national parks as the main body”,we can try to work hard from the two dimensions of legislative

关 键 词：自然保护区 地方立法 立法清理 立法特色 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]