基于Landsat和数字化岸线系统(DSAS)的惠州市海岸线近50年动态变化研究  

Dynamic changes of the Huizhou Coastline in nearly 50 years based on Landsat images and DSAS

作　　者：王同皓 章桂芳 张珂 傅强 WANG Tonghao;ZHANG Guifang;ZHANG Ke;FU Qiang(School of Earth Science and Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519000,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Geodynamics and Geohazards,School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory,Zhuhai 519000,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地球科学与工程学院,珠海519000 [2]广东省地球动力作用与地质灾害重点实验室,广州510275 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),珠海519000

出　　处：《遥感学报》2024年第3期689-703,共15页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(编号:2019A1515010733);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(编号:GML2019ZD0302);广州市科技计划项目(编号:201707010209);广东国家公园建设专项资金(编号:2021GJGY026);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(编号:2021A1515012514)。

摘　　要：海岸线动态变化反映了海陆边界的进退过程,对沿海地区环境保护与发展规划有重要意义。本研究在惠州市1973年-2019年间6期Landsat卫星影像的基础上,利用人机交互式解译的方法获取6期海岸线数据并统计其长度和类型的变化。在数字化岸线系统(DSAS)中对净移动距离(NSM)、变化率(EPR)以及线性回归率(LRR)进行分析,探讨海岸线动态变化中的潜在驱动因素。结果表明,1973年-2019年期间,惠州市海岸线的总长度由224565 m增加到249656 m,平均NSM为185.46 m,平均EPR为4.04 m/a。1973年-1984年海岸线总体表现为侵蚀特征,1984年以后总体呈趋势,其中1984年-1993年扩张幅度最高,NSM达到100.2 m。此外,不同岸线类型中人工岸线变幅最为明显(8.27%-57.45%),以大亚湾石化区、范和湾北岸围垦养殖段、惠州港、考洲洋段西部围垦养殖段以及临近黄埠镇段等区域为主。其变化原因主要有沿海养殖业的发展,港口、工业区和滨海旅游区的建设以及人口增长和经济发展需求下的建筑用地扩张。部分自然岸线段如巽寮湾段核心旅游区、双月湾东岸和西岸则在整个研究时间段内保持稳定。研究表明人为因素是惠州市近50年来海岸线变化的主要驱动因素,自然因素对海岸线变化影响较小。与整个中国大陆海岸线变化速率相比,惠州市的变化速率并不高。从近期,即2013年-2019年的变化率来看(EPR为2.51%),惠州市海岸线变化趋于稳定,预计未来一段时间内不会大范围向海扩张。Dynamic changes of the coastline reflect the transgression-regression process of the sea–land interaction,which is of great significance to the environmental protection and development planning of coastal areas.On the basis of six periods of Landsat satellite images from 1973 to 2019,this paper obtained coastline data of each period and calculated the changes in their length and type by means of human-machine interactive interpretation.Detailed analysis in terms of Net Shoreline Movement(NSM),End Point Rate(EPR),and Linear Regression Rate(LRR)in the Digital Shoreline Analysis System(DSAS)were conducted to explore the potential driving factors regarding the dynamic changes of the coastline.Results show that from 1973 to 2019,the total length of the Huizhou coastline increased from 224,565 m to 249,656 m,with an average NSM of 185.46 m and an average EPR of 4.04 m/a.The coastline was mainly characterized by erosion from 1973 to 1984 and showed an overall expansion trend afterwards.The expansion amplitude of the coastline exceeded the highest during 1984—1993,with the NSM reaching 100.2 m.In addition,the artificial coastline,which is mainly distributed in Daya Bay Petrochemical Zone,northern Fanhe Bay reclamation and aquaculture Section,Huizhou Port,western Kaozhou Bay reclamation and aquaculture section,and the vicinity of Huangbu Town section,showed the most remarkable change(8.27%—57.45%)among the different coastline types.The main reasons of coastline change include the development of a coastal aquaculture;the construction of ports,industrial areas,and coastal tourist areas;and the expansion of construction land due to population growth and economic development.Some coastline segments,such as the core area of Xunliao Bay and the east and west flanks of Shuangyue Bay,remained stable during the whole period.We conclude that human impact was the main driving factor and that natural factors have little influence in the coastline change during past nearly 50 years.Compared with other coastal zones in China's Ma

关 键 词：惠州市 海岸线 遥感 DSAS 动态变化 

分 类 号：TP701[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] P2[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]