激光尾波场电子加速及新型辐射源(特邀)  

Laser Wakefield Electron Acceleration and Novel Radiation Sources(Invited)

作　　者：余昌海 秦志勇 张志钧 刘建胜 Yu Changhai;Qin Zhiyong;Zhang Zhijun;Liu Jiansheng(Department of Physics,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China;State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,ChineseAcademy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学物理系,上海200234 [2]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所强场激光物理国家重点实验室,上海201800

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第1期44-68,共25页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11974251,12105180,12074397,11904377,11905279);上海市教委科研创新计划项目(202101070002E00118)。

摘　　要：受益于超短超强激光技术的持续迅猛发展,飞秒强激光为人类提供了全新的实验手段与极端的物理条件,使激光物质相互作用进入到一个极端非线性的强场超快新范畴,催生了大量新原理、新现象,推动了技术变革。飞秒强激光驱动的等离子体尾波场加速原理是一种具有超高加速梯度的粒子加速新原理,该技术的加速梯度可达100 GV/m,相比于传统射频加速器提高了3个数量级以上,可在厘米量级的加速长度内获得GeV量级的高品质高能电子束,极大地降低了加速器的成本,为发展新一代粒子加速技术和新型超快辐射源提供了新机遇和新途径。从飞秒强激光驱动等离子体尾波场中的电子注入、能量啁啾控制和高品质电子束产生以及基于高品质电子束的betatron X射线辐射、高能伽马射线和小型化自由电子激光这几个方面介绍了激光等离子体尾波场电子加速的若干主要研究进展,并对未来进行了展望。Significance The rapid development of ultra-intense and ultra-short lasers has provided unprecedented new experimental methods and extreme physical conditions,made it possible to reach new frontiers of ultra-fast and intense interactions between lasers and matter,and given birth to a large number of new principles,new phenomena,and revolutionary techniques.Plasma-based acceleration driven by an ultra-intense and ultra-short laser may contribute to the emergence of new particle-acceleration technologies and generation of novel ultra-fast radiation sources.These novel particle and radiation sources can provide new means and opportunities for frontier interdisciplinary studies in areas such as high-energy particle physics,nuclear photonics,materials science,and biomedicine,making it a hot spot and emerging field on the world scientific and technological frontiers.The accelerating electric field of a laser-driven plasma wakefiled can reach 100 GV/m,which is more than three orders of magnitude higher than that of a traditional electron accelerator.A high-energy GeV electron beam can thus be produced over a centimeter-scale acceleration length,thus greatly reducing the scale and cost of the accelerator.The electron beams produced via laser wakefield acceleration also have the advantages of an ultrashort pulse duration and inherent high-precision synchronization with the driving laser.In addition,by designing an appropriate and effective scheme,the electron-injection and acceleration processes can be optimized to produce high-quality and high-energy ultrafast electron sources with ultrahigh brightness comparable to that from a traditional accelerator.Laser-wakefield-driven electron beams can be used as low-cost and desktop femtosecond radiation sources such as for betatron X-ray radiation,inverse Compton scattering,bremsstrahlung radiation,and undulator radiation.These novel radiation sources usually have high brightness,good collimation,a femtosecond pulse duration,and energy tunability,covering a wide spectral range f

关 键 词：激光光学 激光尾波场 电子加速 能量啁啾 betatron辐射 逆康普顿散射 自由电子激光 

分 类 号：O434.1[机械工程—光学工程]