光纤锁模激光器:从单模时域耗散孤子锁模到多模时空耗散孤子锁模(特邀)  

Mode-Locked Fiber Lasers:from Single-Mode Temporal Dissipative Soliton Mode-Locking to Multimode Spatiotemporal Dissipative Soliton Mode-Locking(Invited)

作　　者：高晨心 曹博[1] 鲍成英 杨昌喜[1] 肖晓晟 Gao Chenxin;Cao Bo;Bao Chengying;Yang Changxi;Xiao Xiaosheng(State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments,Department of Precision Instruments,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications,School of Electronic Engineering,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学精密仪器系精密测试技术与仪器国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]北京邮电大学电子工程学院信息光子学与光通信全国重点实验室,北京100876

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第1期69-83,共15页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61975090,62375150,62375024)。

摘　　要：在光纤锁模激光器中,模式相位锁定产生周期短脉冲的过程称为锁模过程,产生的脉冲在广义上被称为“光耗散孤子”。光纤锁模激光器从传统的单模光纤锁模激光器发展到了多模光纤锁模激光器,锁模机理从一维(1D)时域耗散孤子锁模发展到了(3+1)维时空耗散孤子锁模。通过深入理解耗散孤子的产生机理,有望进一步推动光纤锁模激光器在科学和应用领域的发展,为更多领域带来更多创新和可能性。首先介绍单模光纤锁模激光器中的一维时域耗散孤子锁模,探讨不同色散区域中时域耗散孤子的产生机理;随后介绍多模光纤锁模激光器中时空耗散孤子的最新研究成果,讨论模间色散的补偿方法,揭示其丰富的时空锁模机理和潜在的应用场景;最后对光纤锁模激光器的发展前景进行展望。Significance Fiber-mode-locked lasers play an important role in generating ultrashort pulses of picosecond or even femtosecond durations,featuring high peak power and broad spectral characteristics.These pulses have important applications in precision machining,spectroscopic measurements,high-capacity optical communications,terahertz technology,and nonlinear optical imaging.Ultrashort pulses generated by fiber-mode-locked lasers result from a double balance between dispersion and nonlinearity,as well as between gain and loss.Grelu et al.extended the concept of dissipative solitons to include ultrashort pulses generated in nonconservative systems such as fiber-mode-locked lasers.These stable dissipative solitons exist in a continuous exchange of energy with the environment and a dynamic energy redistribution between the components of the soliton.In a mode-locked fiber laser,the process of mode phase-locking to produce periodic short pulses is known as mode locking,and the resulting pulses are generally termed optical dissipation solitons.A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying dissipative soliton generation holds great promise for advancing mode-locked fiber lasers in both scientific and practical applications,offering greater innovation and possibilities across a wider range of fields.The peak pulse power generated by single-mode fiber mode-locked lasers approaches its limitations in the megawatt(MW)order,which are limited by the number of modes and the mode-field area of the single-mode fibers.To further enhance the performance of mode-locked fiber lasers,it is essential to consider higher dimensions(i.e.,introducing spatial dimensions)and explore the impact of increasing the spatial modes(i.e.,transverse modes)on soliton mode-locking in multimode fiber lasers.Consequently,mode-locked fiber lasers have evolved from traditional single-mode to multi-mode configurations,and mode-locking mechanisms have transitioned from one-dimensional(1D)temporal dissipative soliton mode-locking to(3+1)D spatiot

关 键 词：激光器 光纤锁模激光器 耗散孤子 锁模机理 非线性光学 

分 类 号：TN248[电子电信—物理电子学]