超短脉冲激光驱动束靶中子源产生及应用研究进展(特邀)  

Research Progress of Beam-target Neutron Source and Applications Driven by Ultra-short Pulse Lasers(Invited)

作　　者：齐伟[1] 贺书凯[1] 崔波[1] 张智猛[1] 洪伟[1] 赵宗清[1] 谷渝秋[1] 周维民[1] Qi Wei;He Shukai;Cui Bo;Zhang Zhimeng;Hong Wei;Zhao Zongqing;Gu Yuqiu;Zhou Weiming(National Key Laboratory of Plasma Physics,Laser Fusion Research Center,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心等离子体物理全国重点实验室,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第1期84-96,共13页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2241281,12105271);北京大学研究类开放课题(NPT2020KFY01)。

摘　　要：短脉冲强激光驱动中子源具有微焦点、短脉宽、高注量率的特点,在创新研究和应用方面显示出独特潜力,得到了广泛关注。简要回顾了激光中子源的发展历史和现状,特别是超短脉冲激光驱动束靶中子源的最新研究进展。首先,介绍了激光中子源束流品质提升方面的研究工作。其中,产额提升是激光中子源研究以及实现相关应用的首要问题。当前的研究主要通过反应通道选择、离子加速优化等技术途径来实现激光中子源产额的提升。除了产额提升之外,人们还格外关注激光中子源的方向性提升,提出了削裂反应、逆反应动力学等新方案。其次,介绍了激光中子源参数的诊断方法与现状。通过对激光中子源能谱、角分布、脉宽和源尺寸等参数的精密表征,人们对激光中子源的特性有了更全面的了解,这有力支撑了其应用。最后,回顾了激光中子源目前已开展的应用演示实验。激光中子源适用于部分与传统中子源类似的应用场景,同时基于激光中子源超短脉冲、超高通量等新特性有望拓展出新的独特应用。Significance With the rapid advancement of laser technology,the laser intensity reaches approximately 10^(22) W/cm^(2),and charged particles can be accelerated to hundreds of MeV or even several GeV.These energetic particles can trigger nuclear reactions and generate neutrons.Compared with traditional neutron sources,such as reactors,spallation neutrons,and radioactive neutron sources,laser-driven neutron sources(LDNS)have interesting features,such as short duration,which is approximately tens or hundreds of ps,and ultrahigh flux,which is 10^(18)‒10^(21)/(cm^(2)·s).Moreover,the neutron energy is easy to adjust by manipulating the laser accelerating process.Therefore,studies on LDNS have attracted considerable interest and have shown unique potential for innovative investigations and applications in the past two decades,particularly after the significant progress achieved by Roth et al.in 2013.LDNS is expected to be a powerful alternative to traditional neutron sources and may play an essential role in specific applications,such as the fast neutron resonance radiography and rapid neutron capture.This study briefly reviews the historical development and status of laser-driven neutron sources.Significant attention is given to the recent progress in beam-target neutron sources.Progress First,this study reviews the technical approaches to increase the yield of laser-driven neutron sources,which mainly include nuclear reaction channels and ion acceleration efficiency.Compared with deuterium-deuterium and proton-lithium reactions,deuterium-lithium nuclear reactions result in larger nuclear reaction cross-sections and,thus,have received special attention in this field.After determining the nuclear reaction channel,the improvement of the neutron yield mainly depends on the optimization of the deuterium acceleration efficiency.Various new schemes for eliminating the contamination layer within the target normal sheath acceleration(TNSA)acceleration process,such as target heating,laser cleaning,and heavy water spraying,ha

关 键 词：激光光学 激光离子加速 激光中子源 超短脉冲激光 

分 类 号：O539[理学—等离子体物理]