高精度定量相位显微成像方法研究  

Research on High-Precision Quantitative Phase Microscopy Imaging Methods

作　　者：闵俊伟[1] 郜鹏 但旦[1] 郑娟娟[2] 于湘华[1] 姚保利[1] Min Junwei;Gao Peng;Dan Dan;Zheng Juanjuan;Yu Xianghua;Yao Baoli(State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics,Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710119,Shaanxi,China;School of Physics,Xidian University,Xi'an 710071,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所瞬态光学与光子技术国家重点实验室,陕西西安710119 [2]西安电子科技大学物理学院,陕西西安710071

出　　处：《光学学报》2024年第2期24-35,共12页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61077005,61107003,61377008,61475187,61405242,61975233,62075177);中国科学院青年创新促进会资助项目(2019393)。

摘　　要：定量相位显微成像在工业检测、生物医学和光场调控等领域具有重要的应用价值。常用的定量相位显微成像技术通过干涉的方法来获取相位的定量分布,干涉装置的稳定性、光学衍射极限的限制、相位再现时的解包裹问题、激光照明下的相干噪声,以及动态观测过程中的样品离焦等因素都会影响定量相位显微成像的分辨率和精度。本文围绕高精度定量相位显微成像中的上述关键问题展开研究,通过构建物参共路的同步相移数字全息显微结构实现稳定的实时测量;采用结构光照明的超分辨相位成像方法实现对微小物体的超分辨相位成像;利用双波长照明将纵向无包裹相位测量范围扩大到微米量级;使用低相干LED照明解决相干噪声问题;提出了基于结构光照明和双波长照明的数字全息显微自动调焦方法,可以满足对不同类型样品的长时间跟踪观测。Significance Phase is one of the important attributes of light waves,and its distribution directly affects the spatial resolution of optical imaging and is related to the three-dimensional topography of objects or the refractive index distribution of transparent objects.However,the phase distribution of light waves cannot be directly detected.How to accurately obtain the phase distribution of light waves has become a hotspot in the field of optics.The invention of phase-contrast microscopy has opened the curtain of phase imaging,which has epoch-making significance.It successfully converts the phase distribution of light waves into intensity changes,solving the problem of difficult direct microscopic observation of transparent samples such as cells.Nevertheless,the conversion between phase distribution and intensity change is not a linear relationship in phase contrast microscopy,resulting in phase information that cannot be observed quantitatively.By measuring the phase of light waves,the three-dimensional topography or refractive index distribution of transparent objects can be quantitatively obtained.The refractive index is one of the essential characteristic physical quantities that reflect the internal structure and state of the sample.Therefore,conducting quantitative phase microscopy methods has scientific significance.Quantitative phase imaging has important application value in industrial detection,biomedicine,special beam generation,adaptive optics imaging,and synthetic aperture telescopes.The current quantitative phase microscopy imaging technology mainly obtains the quantitative distribution of phase through interference.Therefore,factors such as the stability of interference devices,limitations on optical diffraction,phase wrapping,coherent noise generated by laser illumination,and sample refocusing during dynamic observation affect the imaging resolution and accuracy of quantitative phase microscopy.Thus,systematic and in-depth research on improving measurement accuracy and stability,spatial resoluti

关 键 词：定量相位显微成像 物参共路 结构光照明 相位解包裹 自动调焦 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]