大规模分布式光纤水听拖曳阵列及其湖试性能测试  

Large-Scale Distributed Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Towing Array and Lake Trial Performance Test

作　　者：龙俊求 江浪 肖春 郭汝乾 严国锋 王德麟 冉曾令 龚元 饶云江 Long Junqiu;Jiang Lang;Xiao Chun;Guo Ruqian;Yan Guofeng;Wang Delin;Ran Zengling;Gong Yuan;Rao Yunjiang(Research Center for Optical Fiber Sensing,Zhejiang Lab,Hangzhou 310027,Zhejiang,China;Ocean College,Zhejiang University,Zhoushan 316021,Zhejiang,China;School of Information and Communication Engineering,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]之江实验室光纤传感研究中心,浙江杭州310027 [2]浙江大学海洋学院,浙江舟山316021 [3]电子科技大学信息与通信工程学院,四川成都611731

出　　处：《光学学报》2024年第1期333-342,共10页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：之江实验室重大科研项目(K2002 ME0AC01);国家自然科学基金区域联合基金重点项目(U21A20453)。

摘　　要：报道了一种高性能大孔径分布式光纤水听拖曳阵列,其总长度为150 m,声学传感段长度为100 m,具有192个传感单元,采用单根光纤离散增敏制备而成,无需其他分离器件。传感基元通过驻波桶标定,在20~1000 Hz,平均声压灵敏度达到-127.44 dB(re rad/μPa)。阵列同时装配了自研的姿态感知模块,可实现拖曳过程的实时姿态获取。针对所研制的大规模分布式光纤水听拖曳阵列,开展了湖试综合测试,6 kn拖速下阵列声学段的倾角仅为7.8°,将192个传感单元数据波束合成后得到了16.87 dB的空间增益,传感器表现出了优异的综合性能。该高性能大规模分布式光纤水听拖曳阵列为光纤水听器发展提供了一条全新的技术路线,有力推动了基于DAS的“第三代声呐技术”的发展。Objective Acoustics detection is significant for national marine military defense,resource exploration,and disaster monitoring.Hydrophone technology is a key means of underwater acoustic detection and has been extensively researched.Compared to traditional electronic hydrophones,fiber optic hydrophone(FOH)has advantages such as resistance to electromagnetic interference,small size,light weight,and high detection sensitivity,making them a research hotspot for the new generation of hydrophones.Compared to traditional point-type FOH arrays,FOH based on fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing technology(DAS),has advantages such as large capacity,high consistency,miniaturization,and low cost.It has gradually become a research hotspot in recent years.In 2017,due to its unique advantages,the DAS technology was first introduced into the field of underwater acoustic detection.This new type of FOH was continuously wound with one fiber,without any fusion splice and other optical components,which greatly reduces the complexity of the system and the manufacturing process and shows the potential application as the distributed FOH array.In 2022,a short tested distributed fiber-optic hydrophone towing array was proposed and demonstrated in a sea trial.We elaborate the comprehensive study on the development of a large-scale distributed fiber-optic hydrophone towing array with 192 independent sensing units,including the optimization of array-structure design,the integration of attitude perception system,the large-scale manufacture technology,the demodulation methods,and the calibration testing.The lake trial test with the performance evaluation on the array towing attitude,the noise test,the spatial gain,and the localization of the artificial target is presented as well.Methods The distributed FOH array is composed of an acoustic sensing cable sandwiched between front and rear vibration-isolation cables.Each vibration isolation cable is 25 m long,with different designed density ratios.The acoustic sensing cable consists of two 50

关 键 词：光纤光学 光纤水听器 光纤水听拖曳阵列 分布式光纤声波传感 声压灵敏度 姿态感知 目标轨迹跟踪 

分 类 号：TN253[电子电信—物理电子学]