基于数值仿真的扭力梁正向开发关键技术研究  

Research on key technology of forward development of torsion beam based on numerical simulation

作　　者：李欢 于飞 刘宁 余振龙 张明远 刘宇 杨磊 LI Huan;YU Fei;LIU Ning;YU Zhenlong;ZHANG Mingyuan;LIU Yu;YANG Lei(FAW Car Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130012,China;FAWER Y-TEC Automotive Chassis System Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130013,China;Academy for Electromechanical,Changchun Polytechnic,Changchun 130022,China;Guangzhou Zhongwang Longteng Software Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510627,China)

机构地区：[1]一汽奔腾轿车有限公司,长春130012 [2]富奥威泰克汽车底盘系统有限公司,长春130013 [3]长春职业技术学院机电学院,长春130022 [4]广州中望龙腾软件股份有限公司,广州510627

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2024年第4期94-101,共8页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：2023年度吉林省高校优秀青年科研创新人才储备库项目;长春市教育科学“十四五”2022年度规划课题项目(JKBLX2022007);2023年度吉林省科技厅“科创专员(科创副总)”项目;2023年吉林省高教科研重点自筹课题项目(JGJX2023C165);2022年吉林省高教科研一般课题项目(JGJX2022D714)。

摘　　要：针对扭力梁正向开发的常见问题和关键技术,利用数值仿真手段,以封闭管梁和开口板梁这2种结构的扭力梁为例进行了对比研究,包括扭力梁方案设计、DMU校核、产品和工艺CAE校核、扭力梁变形数值仿真以及变形补偿等关键技术,为主机厂正向开发扭力梁提供一定的参考。主要研究如下:1)依据设计输入,首先需进行横梁位置和截面设计,重点是确定横梁剪切中心,由数值仿真结果可知不同的横梁截面设计对剪切中心的Z向距离影响较大;2)在扭力梁式悬架运动间隙校核中,相比平行轮跳工况,反向轮跳工况严苛,易导致轮胎和轮罩产生干涉磨损风险;3)利用数值仿真技术研究了2种扭力梁结构的扭转刚度,相比开口板梁,封闭管梁具有较好的轻量化效果,利用数值仿真技术研究了2种扭力梁结构在扭转工况下的外应力、2种横梁成形过程中的内应力,如果横梁同位置处的内、外应力叠加,必然会产生较大的疲劳开裂风险,应从材料、结构和工艺角度给出解决方案;4)在整车下线弹簧载荷作用下,扭力梁的变形对前束和外倾会产生较大的影响,应给予扭力梁前束和外倾等值、反向机加角度补偿。Aiming at the common problems and key technologies in the forward development of torsion beams,using numerical simulation methods,the comparative studies were conducted on two types of torsion beams,namely closed tube beams and open plate beams,including key technologies such as torsion beam scheme design,DMU verification,product and process CAE verification,torsion beam deformation numerical simulation,and deformation compensation,providing a certain reference for the forward development of torsion beams by host manufacturers.The main research were as follows.1)According to the design input,it was necessary to design the beam position and cross-section firstly,with the focus on determining the shear center of the beam.From the numerical simulation results,it can be seen that different beam cross-section designs have a significant impact on the Z-direction distance of the shear center.2)In checking the kinematic clearance of the torsion beam suspension,compared to the parallel wheel jump condition,the reverse wheel jump condition is harsh,which can easily lead to the risk of interference and wear of the tires and wheel housings.3)Using numerical simulation technology,the torsional stiffness of two types of torsion beam structures was studied.Compared with open plate beams,closed tube beams have better lightweight effects.Using numerical simulation technology,the external stresses of two types of torsion beam structures under torsion conditions and the internal stresses during the forming process of the two types of beams were studied.If the internal and external stresses at the same position of the beams were superimposed,there would inevitably be a greater risk of fatigue cracking.Solutions should be provided from the perspective of materials,structure,and technology.4)The deformation of the torsion beam under the action of the vehicle′s offline spring load can have a significant impact on the toe and camber of the torsion beam,and the equivalent toe and camber of the torsion beam should be provided with rever

关 键 词：扭力梁 正向开发 数值仿真 反向轮跳 前束和外倾 

分 类 号：U466[机械工程—车辆工程]