电子激发高空大气辐射模拟装置的研制及初步应用  

Development and preliminary application of electron⁃excited upper atmosphere radiation simulating setup

作　　者：何睿祺 刘向农 温作赢 顾学军[2] 张为俊[2] 戴聪明 李建玉 唐小锋 HE Ruiqi;LIU Xiangnong;WEN Zuoying;GU Xuejun;ZHANG Weijun;DAI Congming;LI Jianyu;TANG Xiaofeng(School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,HFIPS,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院安徽光学精密机械研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《量子电子学报》2024年第2期215-225,共11页Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42120104007,91961123);中国科学院合肥大科学中心重点研发项目(2020HSCKPRD001)。

摘　　要：地球大气组分与高能电子之间的电荷交换和能量传递在极光和气辉等高空大气发光现象中扮演着重要角色。通过搭建基于真空系统的电子激发高空大气辐射地面模拟装置,验证了高能电子对高空中性大气的电离激发及其辐射跃迁机制。该装置可实现从10^(2)Pa过渡到10^(-3)Pa超过5个量级的真空梯度、10^(2)~10^(3)eV能量范围内的电子加速聚焦以及近紫外-可见光-近红外波段的宽光谱测量。将该模拟装置初步应用于N_(2)和O_(2)的电子激发实验,比较了大气中两种主要成分的谱线分布特征,发现激发光谱强度与电子能量成正相关,且在相同条件下N_(2)的激发光谱强度远大于O_(2)。利用单组分气体的已知光谱带系标定了实际大气的电子激发光谱,结果表明实际大气与纯N_(2)的激发光谱分布趋于一致但强度有所下降。初步测试与应用表明该装置可用于模拟高能电子沉降过程中与中高层大气组分的碰撞激发反应。The charge exchange and the energy transfer between Earth's upper atmosphere and high-energy electrons play an important role in the upper atmospheric luminous phenomena such as aurora and airglow.By building a ground-based simulating setup for electron excited high-altitude atmospheric radiation based on a vacuum system,the ionizing excitation of neutral molecules induced by electron impact and the corresponding radiative transition mechanism in the upper atmosphere are verified here.The device can create a vacuum gradients of more than 5 orders from 10^(2) to 10^(-3) Pa,generate electrons with kinetic energy in 10^(2)-10^(3) eV and monitor spectral transitions with wide range from near ultraviolet to near infrared.As an illustrated example,the setup has been applied to study the electron excitation of N_(2) and O_(2),the two main components of atmosphere,and their spectral distributions are measured and compared.It's found that the emission spectral intensity of N_(2) is not only positively correlated with electron energy,but also much higher than that of O_(2) under the same condition.Using the known spectral bands of the pure gases of N_(2) and O_(2),the excited spectrum of the actual atmosphere has been assigned,which shows that the emission bands of the air and pure N_(2) tend to be convergent,but the former's intensity decreases in some contents.These results demonstrate that the developed setup can be used to simulate the colliding excitation of middle and upper atmosphere components during the deposition of high-energy electrons.

关 键 词：光谱学 电离光谱 电子激发 大气辐射 高空大气 

分 类 号：O561.3[理学—原子与分子物理]