强冬性和春性甘蓝型油菜变种间杂种优势分析  

Analysis of Heterosis between Strong Winter and Spring Varietiesof Brassica napus L.

作　　者：王莹 郑国强 董小云 李辉[1] 魏家萍 崔俊美 武泽峰 刘自刚[1] WANG Ying;ZHENG Guoqiang;DONG Xiaoyun;LI Hui;WEI Jiaping;CUI Junmei;WU Zefeng;LIU Zigang(College of Agronomy,Gansu Agericultural University/State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement&Germplasm Enhancement,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院/省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室/甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《核农学报》2024年第5期833-841,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省科技重大专项(22ZD6NA009);省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室主任基金(GSCS-2021-Z01);甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-46);甘肃省教育厅青年博士基金项目(2021QB-035)。

摘　　要：为了研究甘蓝型强冬性与春性油菜变种间亲本组配的杂交组合之间的杂种优势表现,选用8个强冬性甘蓝型油菜和4个春性甘蓝型油菜作为研究材料,组配杂交组合,分析亲本及F1的杂种优势强/弱。结果表明,冬×春组合的F1生育期较冬性亲本明显缩短;在冬×春组合中,株高、分枝部位、主花序长度、角果长度和单株有效角果数等方面有较强的杂种优势,其中角果长度(超亲优势:10.61%,杂种优势指数:128.81%)和单株有效角果数(超亲优势:17.31%,杂种优势指数:143.92%)杂种优势最为明显。结合杂种表现和杂种优势结果,说明甘蓝型油菜变种间杂交比种内杂交具有更明显的杂种优势表现,并且角果长度和单株有效角果数的超亲优势和杂种优势指数最高。本研究结果为今后研究甘蓝型油菜变种间杂种优势的研究利用提供了基础。In order to study the heterosis performance of the hybrid combinations between strong winter rapeseed and spring rapeseed.Eight strong winter rapeseed cultivars and four spring rapeseed cultivars were selected and combined,and the heterosis of F1 were analyzed.The results showed that the growth period of F1in winter×spring combination was significantly shorter than that of winter parents.In the winter×spring combination,strong heterosis of plant height,branch position,main inflorescence length,silique length and effective silique number per plant were detectable,especially heterosis of silique length(over-parent heterosis:10.61%,index of heterosis:128.81%)and effective silique number per plant(over-parent heterosis:17.31%,index of heterosis:143.92%).Combining the hybrids performance and heterosis,it is shown that the intervarietal crossing of Brassica napus had more obvious heterosis than the intraspecific crossing,and the over-parent heterosis and index of heterosis of the agronomic traits such as silique length and effective silique number per plant were the highest.The results of this study provided a basis for the study and utilization of hybrid advantages among varieties of Brassica napus L.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 杂种优势 变种间杂种 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]