基于阴离子交换膜电解水的离聚物研究进展  

Research Progress of Ionomers for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

作　　者：赵涔凯 邹杰鑫 王旻 李思明 赵微 张时林 滕珏瑾 王艳皎 吴明铂[1] 胡涵 李亚伟 ZHAO Cenkai;ZOU Jiexin;WANG Min;LI Siming;ZHAO Wei;ZHANG Shilin;TENG Juejin;WANG Yanjiao;WU Mingbo;HU Han;LI Yawei(State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing,School of Chemical Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,Shandong,China;Qingdao Haier Smart Technology R&D Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266101,Shandong,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)化学化工学院重质油国家重点实验室,山东青岛266580 [2]青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司,山东青岛266101 [3]山西大学化学化工学院,太原030006 [4]能量转换与储存材料山西省重点实验室,太原030006

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第8期24-34,共11页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22208376);青岛新能源山东省实验室开放课题项目(QNESL OP 202303);山东省自然科学基金创新发展联合基金(ZR2023LFG005);山东博士后科学基金(SDBX202302037);山西省留学人员科技活动择优资助项目(20230002)。

摘　　要：在能源日益匮乏的今天,氢能作为一种可再生、绿色环保的新型能源成为全球节能降碳的重要载体。传统的碱水电解(Alkaline water electrolysis,AWE)制氢要求较高pH的碱液作为电解液,而且只能在低电流密度下工作;质子交换膜电解水(Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis,PEMWE)制氢技术具有电流密度大、效率高的特点,被人们视为最有前景的电解水制氢技术,但是其昂贵的催化剂以及所需的高耐酸性部件成为制约PEMWE发展的重要因素。阴离子交换膜电解水(Anion exchange membrane water electrolysis,AEMWE)作为一种新兴的技术,可以实现低成本“绿氢”制备。相较于AWE,AEMWE避免了高浓度碱液的循环;相较于PEMWE,AEMWE则具有成本低、腐蚀性低等优势。离聚物作为关键部件膜电极(Membrane electrode assembly,MEA)中三相界面(Triple phase boundary,TPB)的重要组成部分,对AEMWE内部催化作用和水管理能力起着重要作用。本文首先围绕AEMWE技术原理和离聚物在AEMWE中的作用进行了概述,随后对常见的不同种类的阴离子离聚物结构及特点进行了总结,最后从结构、含量以及添加剂调控三种调控策略入手,针对如何调控离聚物以达到更加优异的电解性能进行了具体的分析总结。Nowadays,as the energy scarce increasing,hydrogen energy has emerged as a renewable and environmental-friendly new energy source.It serves as an important energy carrier for global energy conservation and carbon reduction.Traditional alkaline water electrolysis(AWE)is the most common method for hydrogen production,but it requires alkaline solution with high pH as the electrolyte and can only operate at low current density;proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE)technology,on the other hand,can be operated at high current density with high efficiency,making it the most promising water electrolysis technology for hydrogen production.However,the expensive catalyst and need for acid-resistant components are important challenges that hinder its development.Anion exchange membrane water electrolysis(AEMWE)is a promising new technology for green and cost-effective hydrogen production.Comparing with AWE,it avoids the circulation of concentrated alkaline solution.Comparing with PEMWE,it offers advantages such as lower cost and lower corrosiveness.Ionomers,as a key component of the triple phase boundary(TPB)in the membrane electrode assembly(MEA),play a crucial role in the catalytic capabilities and water management of AEMWE.This review firstly aims to provide an overview of AEMWE technology and the importance of ionomer in MEA.It also summarizes the structures and characteristics of representative ionomers adopted in AEMWE.Finally,this review explores strategies to improve the electrolytic performance of AEMWE through ionomer regulations from three aspects:structural regulation,content regulation and additive re-gulation.

关 键 词：阴离子交换膜 电解水 离聚物 三相界面 调控策略 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业]