基于GIS的河流生态敏感性评价——以山东省肥城市康王河为例  

Evaluation of River Ecological Sensitivity Based on GIS——Taking Kangwang River in Feicheng,Shandong Province,as An Example

作　　者：徐鑫 房磊 赵红霞[1] 张忠峰 XU Xin;FANG Lei;ZHAO Hongxia;ZHANG Zhongfeng(School of Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering,Liaocheng University,252059,Liaocheng,Shandong,PRC;School of Forestry Engineering,Shandong Agriculture Engineering University,250100,Jinan,PRC)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学农学与农业工程学院,山东聊城252059 [2]山东农业工程学院林业工程学院,济南250100

出　　处：《江西科学》2024年第2期388-395,共8页Jiangxi Science

基　　金：聊城大学博士科研启动基金项目(31805)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着城市建设的快速发展,人类不合理的开发利用导致河流生态系统的破坏程度不断加剧。为更好地保护和治理河流生态环境,提升城市河流的景观效益,以肥城康王河上游河段为研究对象,选取8个生态因子,基于RS、GIS技术和层次分析法,构建肥城康王河上游流域生态敏感性评价指标体系,对康王河上游河段生态敏感性进行综合评价。结果表明,康王河上游的生态敏感等级以中、高为主,仍有向高敏感演变的趋势。康王河上游的综合生态敏感性分为极敏感、高敏感、中敏感、弱敏感和不敏感5个等级,面积分别占11.85%、26.70%、27.15%、21.26%、13.04%。其中,高、中、弱敏感区域的面积和比例占据了较大的比重,高敏感和中敏感地区主要分布在水体、水渠及周边林地和农田等区域,弱敏感区主要为城镇的建筑用地。对康王河上游河段各敏感区域分布特点和整体变化趋势进行研究并得出优化建议,为该流域的生态修复及城市的可持续发展提供科学依据。In recent years,with the rapid development of urban construction,the unreasonable development and utilization of human beings lead to the increasing destruction of the river ecosystem.In order to better protect and manage the river ecological environment and improve the benefits of urban river landscape,this paper takes the upper reaches of Kangwang River in Feicheng as the research object,select eight ecological factors,build the evaluation index system of ecological sensitivity in the upper reaches of Kangwang River in Feicheng based on RS,GIS technology and level analysis to make a comprehensive evaluation of Kangwang River upstream river ecological sensitivity.The results show that the ecological sensitivity grade in the upper reaches of Kangwang River is mainly medium and high,and still evolves towards high sensitivity.The comprehensive ecological sensitivity of the upper reaches of Kangwang River is divided into five grades:extremely sensitive,high sensitive,medium sensitive,weak sensitive and insensitive,covering 11.85%,26.70%,27.15%,21.26%and 13.04%respectively.Among them,the area and proportion of the high,medium and weak sensitive areas occupy a large proportion,the high sensitive and medium sensitive areas are mainly distributed in the water body,canal and surrounding woodland and farmland areas,and the weak sensitive areas are mainly urban construction land.The distribution characteristics and the overall change trend of the sensitive areas in the upper reaches of Kangwang River were studied and the optimization suggestions were obtained,so as to provide a scientific basis for the ecological restoration and the sustainable development of the city.

关 键 词：城市河流 生态敏感性 评价 指标体系 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]