基于地理信息技术的城市热岛效应分析——以南昌市为例  

Study on the Urban Heat Island Effect Analysis in Nanchang Based on Geographic Information Technology

作　　者：黎亮 杨智翔 宁玮 LI Liang;YANG Zhixiang;NING Wei(China Railway Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design Group Co.Ltd,332029,Nanchang,PRC;Fu River Water Resources Monitoring Centre,344000,Fuzhou,Jiangxi,PRC)

机构地区：[1]中铁水利水电规划设计集团有限公司,南昌332029 [2]抚河水文水资源监测中心,江西抚州344000

出　　处：《江西科学》2024年第2期405-410,共6页Jiangxi Science

基　　金：江西省科技+水利联合资助计划项目(2022KSG01009);中国中铁股份公司课题项目(2021-重点-14,2021-重大-08,2022-重大-08);江西水利科技项目(202123TGKT09)。

摘　　要：在全球气候变暖和城市化的背景下,南昌市面临着城市热岛效应的环境问题。基于地理信息技术,利用南昌市2014、2018、20233年的Landsat 8遥感影像,采用单窗算法,借助大气透射率、地表比辐射率、大气平均温度等主要参数,研究了南昌市不同时段的地表温度以及南昌市城市热岛的时空变化特征。结果表明,近10年南昌市城市热岛效应逐年增强,强热岛区和次强热岛区的面积不断增加,这2个区域主要集中分布在赣江两岸的中心城区,该区域人口众多、建筑物密集,城市热岛效应显著。而过渡区、温度较低区、温度最低区这3个区域分布比较稳定,温度最低区、温度较低区主要位于水面、林地、耕地、草地等区域。在植被覆盖率高的地区、有大型水体的地区温度往往很低,并且影响着周边地区的温度,对城市热岛具有一定的降温作用。研究结果可为城市发展规划和城市热岛效应缓解策略提供依据。Under the background of global warming and urbanization,Nanchang is facing the environmental problem of urban heat island effect.Based on geographic information technology,this study uses Landsat 8 remote sensing images of Nanchang in 2014,2018 and 2023,and adopts single window algorithm to study the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of surface temperature and urban heat island in Nanchang at different periods with the help of main parameters such as atmospheric transmittance,surface emissivity and average atmospheric temperature.The results show that the urban heat island effect in Nanchang has been increasing year by year in recent 10 years,and the areas of strong heat island area and sub-strong heat island area have been increasing continuously.These two areas are mainly distributed in the central city on both sides of Ganjiang River,which has a large population and dense buildings,and the urban heat island effect is remarkable.The transition zone,the lower temperature zone and the lowest temperature zone are relatively stable,and the lowest temperature zone and the lower temperature zone are mainly located in water surface,woodland,cultivated land,grassland and other areas.In areas with high vegetation coverage,the temperature in areas with large water bodies is often very low,which affects the temperature in the surrounding areas and has a certain cooling effect on urban heat island.The research results can provide a basis for urban development planning and mitigation strategies of urban heat island effect.

关 键 词：南昌市 城市热岛效应 单窗算法 地表温度反演 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]