基于氧枪喷头磨损的熔池搅拌特性  

Stirring characteristics of molten bath based on oxygen lance nozzle wear

作　　者：吕明[1] 陈双平 郝翊杰 邢相栋[1] 张朝晖[1] 郭红民 LÜMing;CHEN Shuangping;HAO Yijie;XING Xiangdong;ZHANG Zhaohui;GUO Hongmin(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,Shaanxi,China;Production Command and Control Center,Shaanxi Longmen Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,Hancheng 715405,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]陕西龙门钢铁有限责任公司生产指挥控制中心,陕西韩城715405

出　　处：《钢铁》2024年第3期107-116,共10页Iron and Steel

基　　金：陕西省教育厅服务地方专项计划资助项目(22JC044);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划联合基金资助项目(2021JLM-32);陕西省创新能力支撑计划资助项目(2023-CX-TD-53);国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(52374346)。

摘　　要：研究氧枪喷孔出口磨损程度对射流动力学参数及熔池搅拌效果的影响可以为氧枪喷头设计和冶炼工艺优化提供理论支持。建立了0°、10°和20°磨损角度氧枪自由射流几何模型,分析了喷孔出口磨损程度对射流轴向和径向动力学参数分布的影响,发现入口压力相同时,喷孔出口磨损程度增大,射流速度、动压和马赫数衰减加快,射流聚合程度增强。在喷孔出口0.18 m范围内,磨损后氧枪的湍动能大于未磨损氧枪,且磨损程度越大,射流湍动能越大。超过此范围后,未磨损氧枪湍动能大于磨损后氧枪。在喷孔出口1000 mm处,射流径向最大速度、动压、马赫数和湍动能均随着喷孔出口磨损程度的增大而减小。建立了120 t转炉和5孔氧枪1∶4水力学试验模型,研究了枪位和气体流量变化对不同磨损程度氧枪冲击效果和混匀时间的影响,分析了枪位和气体流量相同时氧枪喷孔出口磨损对熔池流场的影响。发现气体流量相同时,随着枪位升高,熔池冲击深度减小,冲击直径增大,混匀时间增大。枪位相同时,随着气体流量增大,熔池冲击深度和冲击直径增大,混匀时间减少。枪位和气体流量相同时,喷孔出口磨损程度增大,冲击深度和冲击直径减小,混匀时间增大,高锰酸钾溶液完全扩散时间增大。磨损角度由0°增至20°,高锰酸钾溶液完全扩散时间由47 s增至59 s。Studying the effect of oxygen lance nozzle wear degree on the jet dynamic parameters and stirring effect can provide theoretical support for the oxygen lance design and the smelting process optimization.The geometric models of oxygen lance free jet with wear angles of 0°,10°and 20°were established,and the influence of nozzle hole outlet wear degree on the distribution of jet axial and radial dynamic parameters was analyzed.It was found that when the inlet pressure was the same,the nozzle hole outlet wear degree increased,the jet velocity,dynamic pressure and Mach number attenuation accelerated,and the degree of jet aggregation increased.In the range of 0.18 m from the nozzle outlet,the turbulent kinetic energy of the worn oxygen lance is greater than that of the unworn oxygen lance,and the greater the degree of wear,the greater the turbulent kinetic energy of the jet.After exceeding this range,the turbulent kinetic energy of the unworn oxygen lance is greater than that of the worn oxygen lance.At the nozzle outlet of 1000 mm,the maximum radial velocity,dynamic pressure,Mach number and turbulent kinetic energy of the jet decrease with the increase of the nozzle outlet wear degree.Based on this,a 1∶4 hydraulic test model of 120 t converter and 5-hole oxygen lance was established.The effects of lance height and gas flow rate on the impact effect and mixing time of oxygen lance with different wear degrees were studied.The effect of oxygen lance outlet wear on molten bath flow field was analyzed when the lance height and oxygen flow rate were the same.It was found that when the gas flow rate was the same,as the lance height increased,the impact depth of molten bath decreased,the impact diameter increased,and the mixing time increased.When the lance height was the same,as the gas flow rate increased,the impact depth and impact diameter of the molten bath increased,and the mixing time decreased.When the lance height and gas flow rate were the same,the wear degree of the nozzle outlet increased,the impact depth and

关 键 词：转炉炼钢 喷头磨损 水模拟 熔池搅拌 混匀时间 

分 类 号：TF341.1[冶金工程—冶金机械及自动化]