氢冶金工艺技术发展现状及应用  

Development status and application of hydrogen metallurgy technology

作　　者：卢立金 王海风[1] 王锋[1,2] 邱健 平晓东 LU Lijin;WANG Haifeng;WANG Feng;QIU Jian;PING Xiaodong(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Steel Processes and Products,Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China;CISRI Sunward Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]钢铁研究总院有限公司先进钢铁流程及材料国家重点实验室,北京100081 [2]钢研晟华科技股份有限公司,北京100081

出　　处：《钢铁》2024年第3期183-196,共14页Iron and Steel

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFC1904604,2020YFB1712801);中国宝武低碳冶金创新基金资助项目(BWLCF202122);河北省重点研发计划资助项目(21314001D);黑龙江省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关资助项目(2022ZXJ09C03);山西省重大专项“揭榜挂帅”资助项目(ZDJB08)。

摘　　要：钢铁行业为中国重要的经济支撑行业,也是主要的碳排放行业。氢能在冶金领域的应用是一种环保、高效的钢铁生产技术,是实现低碳发展的重要途经之一。在全面介绍富氢高炉、氢基直接还原、氢基熔融还原工艺的基础上,分析各种工艺在冶金工业的应用情况,并且系统探讨了各工艺的探索及实践。综合各种工艺的优缺点,分析了中国低碳背景下氢冶金的发展趋势。目前中国钢铁行业的生产还是以长流程为主,要实现2035年减排30%的目标,富氢高炉工艺可作为现阶段工艺技术改进的首选方向。但是富氢高炉工艺实现碳减排的能力比较有限,碳减排幅度为10%~20%,无法满足未来碳中和的目标。相比于富氢高炉工艺,氢基直接还原铁工艺的碳减排可达到50%以上,因此,氢基直接还原工艺可作为未来发展的主要路线。氢基熔融还原也有较好的碳减排效果,且生产出的高纯铸造生铁可用于高端铸件领域,但是目前对其研究不够充分,还处于基础研究阶段,与大规模的工业化生产还有较大的差距。氢冶金作为钢铁行业低碳绿色发展的重要途径,中国起步较晚且还面临基础研究薄弱、短期成本高等问题,随着绿氢产业的发展,绿色氢冶金将是未来钢铁行业绿色发展的重要方向。As an important economic support industry in China,the steel industry is also a major carbon emission industry.The application of hydrogen energy in the field of metallurgy is an environmentally friendly and efficient steel production technology,which is one of the important ways to achieve low-carbon development.Based on the comprehensive introduction of hydrogen rich blast furnace,hydrogen based direct reduction and hydrogen based smelting reduction technology,this paper analyzes the application of various technology in metallurgical industry,and systematically discusses the exploration and practice of each process.By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each technology,the development trend of hydrogen metallurgy under the background of low carbon in China is analyzed.At present,the production of China's iron and steel industry is still dominated by long processes,and in order to realize the goal of 30%emission reduction by 2035,the hydrogen-rich blast furnace technology can be used as the preferred direction for the improvement of technology at this stage.However,the ability of hydrogenrich blast furnace technology to achieve carbon emission reduction is relatively limited,the carbon emission reduction is about 10%-20%,which can not meet the goal of carbon neutrality in the future.Compared with the hydrogenrich blast furnace technology,the carbon emission reduction of hydrogen-based direct iron reduction technology can reach more than 50%,so the hydrogen-based direct reduction technology can be used as the main route for future development.Hydrogen based smelting reduction also has a better carbon emission reduction effect,and the production of high-purity foundry pig iron can be used in the field of high-end castings.However,the current research is not enough,and it is still in the basic research stage,and there is still a big gap with large-scale industrial production.Hydrogen metallurgy is an important way for the low-carbon green development of the iron and steel industry.However,China started la

关 键 词：氢冶金 高炉 富氢 直接还原 熔融还原 

分 类 号：TF19[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]