聚丙烯酰胺基气溶胶固定剂合成及其对碲气溶胶固定效果  

Synthesis of polyacrylamide-based aerosol fixative and its fixation effect on tellurium aerosol

作　　者：肖梦情 詹杰 李家文 苏兴东 刘峰 王宇拓 陈长稳 周元林[1] 李银涛[1] XIAO Mengqing;ZHAN Jie;LI Jiawen;SU Xingdong;LIU Feng;WANG Yutuo;CHEN Changwen;ZHOU Yuanlin;LI Yintao(State Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Energy School of Materials and Chemistry,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621000,China;China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co.Ltd,Shenzhen 518028,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学材料与化学学院环境友好能源国家重点实验室,绵阳621000 [2]中广核研究院有限公司,深圳518028

出　　处：《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》2024年第2期51-58,共8页Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing

基　　金：四川省科技成果转移转化示范项目(2023ZHCG048);中广核研究院项目(008-ZB-B-2021-C30-01021)资助。

摘　　要：核应急中放射性气溶胶的除控是重要问题,捕获固定是研究气溶胶固定剂对气溶胶净化效果的参量。本文以聚丙烯酰胺为基材,以丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯为接枝单体,通过化学接枝获得PAM-g-PAA、PAM-g-PHEA以及PAM-g-PAA/PHEA三种接枝产物,通过产物红外光谱分析,证实接枝产物并计算了接枝率;通过样品冷冻干燥及成膜的扫描电镜图(SEM)对比并讨论了不同产物的微观结构;通过表面张力、固定沉降实验(PAM、PAM-g-PAA、PAM-g-PHEA、PAM-g-PAA/PHEA水溶液)对碲(模拟钋)气溶胶的捕获沉降固定效果,并讨论了气溶胶固定机理。结果表明:接枝产物相较于基材PAM表面张力有明显降低;其中单接枝HEA改性聚丙烯酰胺的气溶胶固定剂PAM-g-PHEA更能有效捕获固定碲气溶胶颗粒,其固定沉降效率达94.34%,为雾化固定法净化钋放射性气溶胶提供一种研究思路。The removal control of radioactive aerosols in a nuclear emergency is an important issue,and capture fixation is a parameter for studying the purification effect of aerosol fixatives on aerosols.Herein,PAM-g-PAA,PAM-g-PHEA,and PAM-g-PAA/PHEA were obtained by chemical grafting with polyacrylamide as the substrate,acrylic acid and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate as grafting monomers.The grafting product was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and the grafting rate was calculated.The microstructure of different products were compared and discussed by scanning electron microscope images of freeze-drying and film formation.The capture and sedimentation effects of tellurium(simulated polonium)aerosol were studied by surface tension and fixed sedimentation experiments(PAM,PAM-g-PAA,PAM-g-PHEA,PAM-g-PAA/PHEA aqueous solution),and the mechanism of aerosol fixation was discussed.The results showed that the surface tension of the grafted product was significantly lower than that of the substrate PAM.Among them,the aerosol fixing agent PAM-g-PHEA grafted with HEA modified polyacrylamide can more effectively capture and fix tellurium aerosol particles,and its fixed sedimentation efficiency is 94.34%,which provides a research idea for the purification of polonium radioactive aerosol by atomization fixation method.

关 键 词：捕获固定 气溶胶固定剂 沉降率 接枝改性 固定机理 

分 类 号：TL13[核科学技术—核能科学]