甘蔗种茎发芽过程中生理指标动态变化研究  

Study on Dynamic Changes of Physiological Indexes in the Sprouting Process of Cane Setts

作　　者：周慧文 闫海锋 丘立杭 周忠凤 范业赓 陈荣发 邓宇驰 杨本鹏[2] 吴转娣[3] 李文凤[3] 蔡文伟[2] 何为中 吴建明 ZHOU Huiwen;YAN Haifeng;QIU Lihang;ZHOU Zhongfeng;FAN Yegeng;CHEN Rongfa;DENG Yuchi;YANG Benpeng;WU Zhuandi;LI Wenfen;CAI Wenwei;HE Weizhong;WU Jianming(Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement(Guangxi),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,530007;Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology of Chinese Academy of Topical Agricultural Sciences/National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biological Breeding,Haikou 571101;Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology,Genetics and Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661699)

机构地区：[1]农业部甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室/广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所,南宁530007 [2]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所/热带作物生物育种全国重点实验室,海口571101 [3]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所/云南甘蔗遗传改良重点试验室/农业农村部甘蔗生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,云南开远661699

出　　处：《中国糖料》2024年第2期32-40,共9页Sugar Crops of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2022YFD230110);国家现代农业产业技术体系广西甘蔗创新团队建设(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-03);中国科学院华南植物园重点支持项目(E3601);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT012)资助。

摘　　要：【目的】为了深入探究甘蔗发芽阶段的生理变化规律。【方法】研究甘蔗在不同发芽阶段中营养物质和激素含量等重要生理特性的变化。【结果】甘蔗的发芽阶段一般需要11 d的时间来完成。在这一过程中,甘蔗的发芽速度呈现出先上升后下降的趋势。在发芽阶段,甘蔗内部的多种激素如脱落酸(ABA)、水杨酸(SA)、赤霉素(GA7)和吲哚乙酸(IAA)等与发芽时期有极显著的正相关性。这表明这些激素在甘蔗发芽过程中扮演着重要的角色。与此同时,细胞分裂素类激素与发芽速度呈极显著或显著的负相关,这表明它们在发芽阶段的不同时期可能具有不同的作用。研究还发现蔗糖和淀粉的含量随着发芽时期的推进而下降,而还原糖的含量则呈先升高后降低的趋势。多种相关酶类也发挥了重要作用,表明在甘蔗发芽过程中,糖类的代谢和积累可能受到精细地调控,以满足发芽阶段不同时期的需求。【结论】甘蔗发芽需要11 d,在此期间,多种激素、糖代谢相关酶类和生理指标与甘蔗发芽进程和发芽速度呈显著相关性。【objective】In order to deeply explore the physiological changes in the sprouting stage of sugarcane,【Methods】our study investigated in detail the changes of important physiological characteristics,such as nutrient and hormones contents,in different sprouting stages of sugarcane.【Results】The sprouting stage of sugarcane generally takes 11 days to complete.During this period,the sprouting rate of sugarcane showed an ascending and subsequently descending trend.During the sprouting stage,a number of hormones such as abscisic acid(ABA),salicylic acid(SA),gibberellin(GA7)and indole acetic acid(IAA)within sugarcane had highly significant positive correlations with the sprouting period.This suggests that these hormones play an important role in the sprouting process.Meanwhile,cytokinin-like hormones showed highly significant or significantly negative correlation with the sprouting rate,suggesting that they may have different roles at different periods within the sprouting stage.It was also found that the content of sucrose and starch decreased with the advancement of the sprouting period,while the content of reducing sugar content tended to increase and then decrease.A variety of related enzymes also played important roles,suggesting that the metabolism and accumulation of sugars during sugarcane sprouting may be finely regulated to meet the demands at different periods within the sprouting stage.【Conclusion】Sugarcane germination requires 11 days,during this period a variety of hormones,sugar metabolism-related enzymes,and physiological indicators are significantly correlated with the process and speed of sugarcane sprouting.

关 键 词：甘蔗 发芽 激素 糖类 酶活性 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]