船舶压载舱内装载生活污水和灰水的可行性探讨  

Feasibility of Storing Sewage and Grey Water in Ballast Tank of Ship

作　　者：王慧芳[1] WANG Huifang(Shanghai Rules and Research Institute,China Classification Society,Shanghai 200135,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船级社上海规范研究所,上海200135

出　　处：《船舶》2024年第2期19-24,共6页Ship & Boat

摘　　要：随着国际社会对保护海洋环境要求的不断提升,越来越多的港口和特定水域禁止船舶排放生活污水和灰水,这种禁排规定超出了国际海事组织(international maritime organization,IMO)的《国际防止船舶造成污染公约》(international convention for the prevention of pollution from ships,MARPOL)中关于船舶生活污水和灰水的排放要求,使船舶不得不寻求其他舱室用于临时储存不允许排放的生活污水和灰水。该文针对目前船舶在营运过程中将生活污水和灰水临时储存在压载舱内的做法,分别通过对IMO压载水公约关于船舶压载水D-2标准排放要求,以及IMO MARPOL关于船舶生活污水和船舶灰水排放要求的解析,探讨了在压载舱内储存生活污水和灰水的可行性,同时结合IMO关于该问题的讨论进展,提出了在压载舱内临时储存灰水和经处理的生活污水需进一步考虑的技术和操作因素,以规避该行为可能带来的违规风险。More and more ports and specific water areas prohibit ships from discharging sewage and grey water with the increasing requirements of the international community for marine environmental protection.The prohibition goes beyond the discharge requirements of the ship sewage and grey water under the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships(MARPOL)by the International Maritime Organization(IMO).Therefore,ships have to seek other possible tanks for temporary storage of the grey water and sewage that are not allowed to be discharged.This paper focuses on the current practice of temporarily storing sewage and grey water in ballast tanks during the operation of ships.The feasibility of storing sewage and grey water in ballast tanks has been explored by analyzing the discharge requirements of the D-2 standard for ship’s ballast water under IMO BWM Convention and the discharge requirements of the ship sewage and grey water under the IMO MARPOL Convention.At the same time,in conjunction with the IMO’s discussions on this issue,the technical and operational factors that need to be further considered for the temporary storage of the grey water and the treated sewage in ballast tanks are proposed to avoid the potential risk of violations caused by this approach.

关 键 词：压载舱 集污舱 压载水 D-2标准 生活污水 灰水 

分 类 号：U662.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]