偏移距向量片技术在海洋宽方位资料处理中的应用  

Application of Offset Vector Tile Technology in Ocean Wide-azimuth Data Processing

作　　者：朱金强 余子昭 宋鑫 谢涛[1] 张明强[1] 桂红兵[1] 赵程 Zhu Jinqiang;Yu Zizhao;Song Xin;Xie Tao;Zhang Mingqiang;Gui Hongbing;Zhao Cheng(Geophysical Research Institute,Geophysical-COSL,Tianjin 300451,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油田服务股份有限公司物探事业部物探研究院,天津300451

出　　处：《工程地球物理学报》2024年第2期345-353,共9页Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics

基　　金：中国海洋石油集团有限公司科技项目(编号:CNOOC-KJ145 ZDXM02 YF2021-01)。

摘　　要：近年来宽方位地震勘探逐渐成为提高地震数据质量的最直接手段之一,当采集方位角增加时,地震资料的速度、振幅等特征随方位角的变化的现象会更加明显。宽方位数据的这些特性使其在裂缝预测、流体识别、叠前反演等方面具备天然优势,但也增加了地震资料处理的难度。如果按照窄方位方式处理宽方位资料,不仅无法体现采集的优势,反而会因为方位各向异性影响而降低资料的分辨率。针对如何深入挖掘宽方位数据中的方位角、各向异性以及炮检距信息,本文依据海上宽方位采集的特点,开展了OVT(Offset Vector Tile,偏移距向量片)技术的研究和应用工作。提出了不同观测系统下OVT的划分方法,并通过五维规则化、速度方位各向异性校正等系列技术提高了宽方位资料的成像精度。通过多个区块的应用表明,OVT技术可以保持宽方位采集的方位角信息和覆盖次数,五维插值、各向异性校正技术进一步提高了宽方位资料的成像质量,最终成像效果较窄方位资料改善明显,且产生的OVT道集可用作裂缝预测,因此该技术在海洋宽方位资料处理中具有不可替代的作用。In recent years,wide-azimuth seismic exploration has gradually become one of the most direct means to improve the quality of seismic data.As the azimuth increases,the azimuth anisotropy characteristics of seismic data will become more obvious.These characteristics of wide azimuth data not only make it more advantageous in fracture prediction,fluid identification,pre-stack inversion,etc,but also increase the difficulty of seismic data processing.If the wide azimuth data is processed by the narrow azimuth method,it will not only fail to reflect the advantages of acquisition,but also reduce the resolution of the data due to the influence of azimuth anisotropy.Aiming at how to use the azimuth,anisotropy and offset information in wide azimuth data,this paper carries out the research and application of offset vector tile(OVT)technology based on the offshore wide azimuth acquisition.The method of OVT division under different observation systems is proposed,and the imaging accuracy of wide azimuth data is improved by five-dimensional regularization and velocity azimuth anisotropy correction.The multiple real-case applications show that OVT technology can better exploit the advantage of wide azimuth acquisition and provide high-quality gathers for subsequent seismic interpretation,which has good industrial application value.The real-case applications shows that OVT technology can maintain the azimuth information and coverage.Five-dimensional interpolation and anisotropy correction technology further improve the imaging quality of wide azimuth data.The final result is much better than the narrow azimuth data,and the OVT gather can be used for fracture prediction.Therefore,this technology plays an irreplaceable role in ocean wide azimuth data processing.

关 键 词：宽方位 偏移距向量片 方位各向异性 五维规则化 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]