滇池湖底塌陷漏水隐患研究的问题与建议  

Problems and suggestions on the study of collapse and water leakage at the bottom of Dianchi lake

作　　者：王宇 WANG Yu(Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area,MNR,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China;Yunnan Geological Survey,Kunming,Yunnan 650051,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室,云南昆明650216 [2]云南省高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室,云南昆明650216 [3]云南省地质调查局,云南昆明650051

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2024年第1期1-11,共11页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0502502);云南省地质灾害综合防治体系建设(2013-2020)。

摘　　要：持滇池漏水隐患点急变临灾推论和漏水隐患不成立否定意见的双方都做了大量的分析论证工作,并发表和提交了研究成果。但以地球系统科学、水工环地质学和地球探测技术科学的理论、原理和地质勘查认识问题的程序和规范来衡量,均不同程度地存在着概念性、系统性、规范性的错误或不足,主要表现在地质学概念及术语不清、水文地质调查研究不足、湖盆形成及演化历史研究薄弱、水文地质勘探验证欠缺等,从而导致各方推断依据皆不够充分。对这些问题,文章逐一进行了深入的分析,并根据区域自然地理、地质、水工环地质等调查(勘查)研究程度及资料,结合实际工作经验,对今后的研究提出了规范地质学基本概念、开展湖底洼地钻探试验及监测、系统开展综合研究和野外查证的具体改进建议。明确指出滇池漏水隐患成立与否,关键在于湖底洼地发生岩溶塌陷的风险,必须实施钻探验证才能得出科学的定论。At present,there are two conflicting conclusions on the research of water leakage hazards in Dianchi lake.One is that the hidden danger points of water leakage in Dianchi lake have rapidly changed and is at a critical point,so there is a high risk of water leakage disasters.The other is that the view of hidden dangers of water leakage is not true,and hence there is no risk of water leakage disasters in Dianchi lake.Although people of both sides have done a large amount of analytic demonstration and published their research results.However,there are still more or less conceptual,systematic and normative errors or deficiencies.These deficiencies are mainly reflected as follows:unclear geological concepts and terms,insufficient hydrogeological investigation,weak research on the history of lake basin formation and evolution,and lack of verification by hydrogeological exploration,which may lead to insufficient basis for both sides to make a precise deduction.First,the terminological phrase"structural leakage"needs a clear expression.If a strong earthquake occurs in the Kunming area,it is likely to cause faults,leading to karst collapse of the funnel at the bottom of Dianchi lake,and then leading to the probable fault and connection of underground karst caves.This process will contribute to the catastrophic water leakage in Dianchi lake.Therefore,the risk of water leakage disasters may be originated from karst collapses at the lake bottom.However,the idea that the occurrence of a huge water leakage through the fault structure and the conversion of runoff between karst pipelines and faults may contradict the basic knowledge and reality of hydrogeology.It is not objective,reasonable and accurate to use the phrase"structural leakage"to express the hidden danger and its mechanism of water leakage in Dianchi lake.In addition,"funnel"is a karst term of karstology,referring to a funnel-shaped or saucer-shaped closed depression usually with a diameter of less than 100 m.At the bottom of a funnel,there are usually sinkholes lea

关 键 词：滇池湖泊 断陷盆地 岩溶洼地 岩溶塌陷 湖底漏水 

分 类 号：P642[天文地球—工程地质学]