黄河流域焦作段越冬水鸟调查及多样性研究  

Investigation and diversity of wintering waterbirds in Jiaozuo section of Yellow River Basin

作　　者：张春旺 王天平 冯千凤 张红嫄 王颖 胡建业 邓大军 洪军 ZHANG Chun-wang;WANG Tian-ping;FENG Qian-feng;ZHANG Hong-yuan;WANG Ying;HU Jian-ye;DENG Da-jun;HONG Jun(Center for Jiaozuo Nature Reserve&Wildlife Conservation,Jiaozuo 454000,China;School of Life Sciences&Engineering,Henan University of Urban Construction,Pingdingshan 467036,China;Center for Henan Wildlife Protection,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]焦作市自然保护区和野生动植物保护中心,河南焦作454000 [2]河南城建学院生命科学与工程学院,河南平顶山476036 [3]河南省野生动物保护中心,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《河南城建学院学报》2024年第2期109-115,共7页Journal of Henan University of Urban Construction

基　　金：2021和2022年河南省林业厅“黄河湿地焦作段水鸟种类调查”资助项目。

摘　　要：为了掌握黄河流域焦作段越冬水鸟的物种组成与多样性状况,更好地保护鸟类多样性,采用样线法和样点法在两个越冬季对黄河流域焦作段湿地的四个区域(孟州市、武陟县、温县、白墙水库)进行冬季水鸟调查。共记录水鸟8目12科50种18445只,其中雁形目1科29种、鸊鷉目1科2种、鸨形目1科1种、鹤形目2科2种、鸻形目3科8种、鹳形目1科1种、鲣鸟目1科1种和鹈形目2科6种。国家Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物分别为3种和9种。黄河流域焦作段越冬水鸟Simpson多样性指数为0.871,Shannon-Wiener指数为2.378,Pielou均匀度指数为0.608,Margalef指数为4.989。不同区域水鸟物种多样性指数排序为温县湿地>孟州市湿地>武陟县湿地>白墙水库湿地,Pielou均匀度指数排序为温县湿地>武陟县湿地>白墙水库湿地>孟州市湿地。四个区域的越冬水鸟物种多样性和均匀度指数2022年数据均略高于2021年数据。不同区域越冬水鸟区系分布与居留类型也有一定的差别。To analyze the species composition and diversity of overwintering waterbirds in Jiaozuo section of Yellow River Basin,the transect line method and sample point method were used to investigate the waterbirds in winter in four regions(Mengzhou City,Wuzhi County and Wen County,Baiqiang Reservoir)of the Jiaozuo section of the Yellow River Basin during two periods.A total of 18445 waterbirds belonging to 50 species and 8 orders,12 families were recorded,including 29 species from 1 family of Antheriformes,2 species from 1 family of Grebe,1 family of Bustard,2 families of Craniformes,8 species from 3 families of Charadriformes,1 family of Stork,1 family of Booby and 6 species from 2 families of Pelicformes.The national Class I and Class II protected species were 3 and 9,respectively.Simpson diversity index(D)was 0.871.Shannon-Wiener index(H)was 2.378.Pielou evenness index(J)was 0.608,and Margalef index(M)was 4.989.The species diversity index of waterbirds in different regions were Wen County wetland>Mengzhou City wetland>Wuzhi County wetland>Baiqiang Reservoir wetland.The Pielou evenness indexs were Wen County>Wuzhi County>Baiqiang Reservoir>Mengzhou City wetland.The species diversity and evenness indices of wintering waterbirds were slightly higher in 2022 than that in 2021.The floristic distribution and residence types of overwintering waterfowl in different regions also had certain differences.The results of this study have important reference value for the diversity of wintering waterbirds and the protection of wetland habitat in Jiaozuo Section of the Yellow River Basin.

关 键 词：越冬水鸟 多样性 生境 黄河流域焦作段湿地 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]