闽南沿海红砖民居屋顶构造工艺研究  

The Construction Technology of Red Brick Dwelling Roofs in Coastal Area of South Fujian

作　　者：成丽[1] 于仲 Cheng Li;Yu Zhong

机构地区：[1]华侨大学建筑学院

出　　处：《古建园林技术》2024年第2期24-29,共6页Traditional Chinese Architecture and Gardens

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金资助项目“闽南传统建筑营造术语综合研究”(20YJAZH016)。

摘　　要：闽南沿海红砖民居的屋顶多以红瓦覆盖,在当地自然、人文等因素的影响下,发展出独具地域特色的形态特征和构造工艺,蕴含着深厚的建构思想与营造智慧。文章采用田野调研、匠师访谈等方法,从屋顶各部位的构造特征入手,归纳材料种类、尺寸与砌筑方式,探究其设计规律与原理,梳理构造做法的地域差异,总结构造设计与防雨、排水、抗风等实用功能的关联,以期为今后的相关研究以及遗产保护工作提供参考。Influenced by local context,culture,and other factors,roofs of red brick dwellings in the coastal area of south Fujian are mostly covered with red tiles,which have developed unique regional characteristics and structural techniques and contain profound architectural concepts and construction wisdom.This essay uses research methods such as fieldwork,interviews of craftsmen,etc,to summarize the underlying design principles and logic and,therefore,analyze the regional differences in its construction methods starting from the investigation of different characteristics on each part of the roof.In terms of materials,common construction materials include slab tiles,tube tiles,strip bricks,square bricks,and seven-inch bricks.The construction logic is mainly to respond to the local climate.In terms of specific masonry methods,tiles are usually overlapped front and back without mortar.Bricks are mostly laid along the side or on the side to hold down the roof and overhang the eaves.Mortar is used to bond and fix the bricks and tiles,supplemented by surface plastering for reinforcement.In terms of regional differences,the roofs of buildings in various regions also express regional differences in the overall image of the roof through slight differences in material selection.In conclusion,this essay will provide a strong background for future research work and heritage conservation projects.

关 键 词：闽南传统建筑 红砖民居 屋顶 构造工艺 营造智慧 

分 类 号：TU241.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]