兼顾降噪和通风性能的声学超材料研究进展  

Research advances in acoustic metamaterials balancing noise reduction and ventilation performance

作　　者：许哲 吴巧云 XU Zhe;WU Qiaoyun(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学土木工程与建筑学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《武汉工程大学学报》2024年第2期209-216,共8页Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52078395)。

摘　　要：传统用于隔声降噪的结构,通常阻碍了气流的传输,无法满足许多实际应用场景的需求。声学超材料作为当下声学研究的热点,为设计新颖的通风降噪结构提供了有效的解决方案。简要讨论了传统通风降噪结构在应用中的局限性,追溯了声学超材料的出现与发展,重点介绍了Helmholtz共振结构、空间盘绕结构、声学超笼和声传输可调结构这几种类型的声学超材料在通风和降噪方面应用的最新进展,总结了这些超材料的结构特点、降噪原理和通风特性,以及它们在低频宽带噪声衰减、通风效果和结构轻薄化等方面的明显优势。最后,对这一新兴领域在优化设计、现场实验和通风性能研究三个方面的发展进行了展望。Some traditional structures of sound insulation or noise reduction hinder the transmission of airflow,failing to meet the needs of certain application scenarios.Acoustic metamaterials,the focus of current acoustic research,provide an effective solution for the design of novel ventilation and noise-reduction structures.This paper briefly discusses the limitations of traditional ventilation and noise-reduction structures in application,traces the emergence and development of acoustic metamaterials,and focuses on the latest progress in the application of several types of acoustic metamaterials in ventilation and noise reduction,such as Helmholtz resonance structure,space coiling structure,acoustic metacage and acoustic transmission adjustable structure.The structural characteristics,noise-reduction principles and ventilation characteristics of these metamaterials are summarized,and their obvious advantages in low-frequency broadband noise attenuation,ventilation effect and lightweight structure are presented.Finally,the development of this new field in three aspects,i.e.optimization design,field experiment and ventilation performance research,is proposed.

关 键 词：声学超材料 降噪 通风特性 低频宽带 

分 类 号：TU112[建筑科学—建筑理论]