小排量国Ⅵ柴油机涡轮增压器喘振优化设计  

Optimization and Design of Turbocharger Surge for ChinaⅥDiesel Engine of Small-Displacement

作　　者：周成尧 马超[2] 周马兰 张舰 杨娇 ZHOU Chengyao;MA Chao;ZHOU Malan;ZHANG Jian;YANG Jiao(Hunan Deutz Power Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410000,China;School of Machinery and Automation,Weifang University,Weifang 261061,China;Changsha BYD Auto Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410021,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南道依茨动力有限公司,湖南长沙410000 [2]潍坊学院机械与自动化学院,山东潍坊261061 [3]长沙市比亚迪汽车有限公司,湖南长沙410021

出　　处：《车用发动机》2024年第2期75-82,共8页Vehicle Engine

摘　　要：匹配某小排量国Ⅵ柴油机时,增压器压气机出现了喘振现象,导致发动机扭矩明显降低,需要设计一款新型压气机。通过加大压气机叶片θ角、叶片出口β角、叶片弦长、叶轮进口尺寸、叶轮出口宽度,减小扩压器出口与叶轮出口直径的比值,设计了优化方案。进行了优化方案和原方案的压气机性能仿真计算、增压器台架压气机性能试验、发动机台架增压器性能匹配试验,结果表明:优化方案改善了压气机小流量区域的稳定性,提高了堵塞流量;在发动机全转速范围内,流量减小时压比特性曲线斜率始终为负,压气机运行稳定,未发生喘振;发动机可以加载到最大设计扭矩,提升了发动机的动力性能。When matching a small-displacement ChinaⅥdiesel engine,the surge phenomenon appeared in the turbocharger compressor,resulting in a significant reduction in engine torque.A new type of compressor needed to be designed.By increasing theθangle of compressor blade,theβangle of blade outlet,the chord length of blade,the size of impeller inlet and the width of impeller outlet and decreasing the diameter ratio of expander outlet to impeller outlet,the optimization scheme was designed.For the optimized and original schemes,the compressor performance simulation calculation,the compressor bench compressor performance test and the engine bench turbocharger performance matching test were carried out.The results show that the optimization scheme improves the stability of compressor in the small flow area and the blocked flow rate.Within the full speed range of engine,the slope for the characteristic curve of pressure ratio is always negative when the flow decreases,and the operation of compressor is stable without surge.The engine can load to the maximum designed torque,which improves the power performance of engine.

关 键 词：柴油机 涡轮增压器 压气机 喘振 叶轮 优化设计 

分 类 号：TK421.8[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]