氧化锌烟尘浸出过程硅锗沉淀高效分散解聚研究  

Study on Efficient Dispersion and Depolymerization of Si and Ge Precipitation during Leaching of Zinc Oxide Dust

作　　者：刘殿传 柴伟 LIU Dianchuan;CHAI Wei(Yunnan Chihong Zn&Ge Co.,Ltd.,Qujing 655000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司,云南曲靖655000

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第5期91-99,共9页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划资助项目(202202AB080005);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1904204)。

摘　　要：在高新技术对锗需求日益增长的背景下,基于对烟尘浸出渣中锗赋存状态的考察,查明了硅锗聚合沉淀机制,及超声诱导锗硅沉淀高效分散解聚机制。采用相关性分析等首次为锗硅聚合沉淀猜想提供实质性证据,Ge-Si相关性系数k为66.57,相关性拟合度R 2高达97.99%。在含锗氧化锌烟尘浸出过程中,溶液中硅离子会聚合形成硅酸胶体吸附溶液中的锗,引起锗损失14.81%,造成锗工业回收率低。超声引入浸出过程后,会在溶液中会产生空化气泡,发生空化作用,空化气泡破裂时释放的能量形成局部的高温高压并产生冲击波与微射流,会持续不断冲击聚硅酸胶体表面,使得聚硅酸胶体比表面积增大58.19%,孔径增大666.32%,孔容增大165.79%,使得大颗粒的硅胶解聚为小颗粒的低聚硅酸,降低硅胶对锗的吸附,超声条件下锗损失降低了59.35%。研究建立的氧化锌烟尘浸出过程硅-锗沉淀高效分散解聚,可有效实现氧化锌烟尘中锗高效回收。Under the background of the increasing demand for germanium in high and new technology,the mechanism of silicon-germanium polymerization and precipitation,and the mechanism of ultrasound-induced dispersion and depolymerization of Si and Ge were identified based on the investigation of occurrence of germanium in dust leaching residue.For the first time,the correlation analysis provided substantial evidence for Ge and Si polymerization precipitation conjecture.The Ge-Si correlation coefficient k is 66.57,and the correlation fitting degree R 2 is as high as 97.99%.In the leaching process of zinc oxide dust containing germanium,silicon ions in the solution will polymerize to form silicic acid colloids to adsorb germanium in the solution,causing germanium loss of 14.81%,resulting in low industrial recovery rate of germanium.After ultrasound is introduced into the leaching process,cavitation bubbles will be generated in the solution,resulting in cavitation.The energy released when the cavitation bubbles break will form local high temperature and high pressure,and generate shock waves and microjets,which will continuously impact the surface of polysilicon colloid,resulting in the increase of specific surface area of polysilicon colloid by 58.19%,pore size by 666.32%,and pore volume by 165.79%.The large particles of silica gel were depolymerized into small oligosilicic acid,and the adsorption of germanium by silica gel was reduced by 59.35%under ultrasonic condition.The high efficiency dispersion and depolymerization of silicon-germanium precipitation in zinc oxide dust leaching process established in this work can effectively recover germanium from zinc oxide dust.

关 键 词：锗 硅 聚合沉淀 相关度 超声 机制 

分 类 号：TF813[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]