征服还是同盟:南诏政权属性考论  

Conquest or Alliance:A Textual Research and Discussion of the Attribute of Nanzhao Regime

作　　者：姜丹 JIANG Dan(School of Humanities,Kunming University,Kunming,Yunnan,China 650214)

机构地区：[1]昆明学院人文学院,云南昆明650214

出　　处：《昆明学院学报》2024年第2期116-124,共9页Journal of Kunming University

摘　　要：文章运用文献考据、比较、统计等历史研究法,结合旨在文化意义解释的民族学研究方法,基于对历史文献的深度阅读与分析,认为:“南诏武力征服或兼并‘白蛮’”,或“南诏基于武力胁迫‘白蛮’放弃领导权力”的传统研究结论与以《南诏图传》为代表的某些云南地方历史文献在实际叙事语境及文本内涵上存在明显差异,与历史事实也存在逻辑上的抵牾,不能反映南诏与“白蛮”真实的历史关系和南诏政权的真实属性。南诏政权并未通过武力征服或兼并洱海地区的“白蛮”。南诏的缔造者蒙氏家族与洱海区域“白蛮”具有相互联合的经济、文化基础和相似的发展诉求,以及互补的政治、经济优势;南诏政权是蒙氏家族与“白蛮”在相对平等的基础上结成的同盟。该同盟确认并保全了“白蛮”在洱海地区长期以来既有的文化主导地位,令“白蛮”业已衰微的政治、社会地位得以巩固和强化。《南诏图传》等云南地方历史文献中的相关祭铁柱场景就是南诏与“白蛮”双方缔结同盟的写照。南诏方参与结盟的是南诏二代王逻盛,南诏与“白蛮”的结盟时间当是7世纪晚期的最后10年。南诏、“白蛮”同盟的缔结及其所确认的文化发展方针对南诏文化和社会结构的形态产生了深远的影响。By using the historical approaches of textual research,comparison and statistics,combined with the ethnological research methods focusing on cultural significance interpretation,and based on the profound analysis and reading of the historical literature,the author holds that:The traditional research conclusion of“Nanzhao conquered or annexed Baiman by force”or“Nanzhao coerced Baiman into giving up his leadership power based on force”are obviously different from the actual narrative context and textual connotation of local historical literature of Yunnan represented by Nanzhao Pictorial Biography,and logically contradicting with historical facts,which could not reflect the real historical relationship between Nanzhao and Baiman and the real nature of Nanzhao s regime.Nanzhao regime did not conquer or annex Baiman in Erhai region by force.The Meng family,founder of Nanzhao regime,and Erhai Baiman had joint economic and cultural foundation,similar development demands,and complementary political and economic advantages.Nanzhao regime was an alliance between the Meng family and Erhai Baiman on the basis of relative equality.The alliance confirmed and preserved the long-established cultural dominance of Baiman in Erhai region and also made the once weak political and social status of Baiman continuously consolidated and strengthened.The concerning scene of iron-pillar-sacrifice depicted in local historical literature of Yunnan such as Nanzhao Pictorial Biography is a portrayal of the establishment of the alliance between Nanzhao and Baiman.The alliance between Nanzhao and Baiman was probably formed in the last decade of the late 7th century by Luo Sheng,the second king of Nanzhao.The establishment of the alliance between Nanzhao and Baiman as well as the cultural development policy confirmed by the alliance had a profound impact on the cultural and social structure of Nanzhao.

关 键 词：南诏 政权更迭 南诏图传 同盟关系 

分 类 号：K281[历史地理—历史学] K288[历史地理—中国史]