奶牛同期发情-定时输精技术研究进展  

Research Progress on the Estrus Synchronization-fixed-timed Artificial Insemination Technology in Dairy Cows

作　　者：向辉 桂林森 杨迪 魏士昊 宫艳斌 史远刚[1] 马云 淡新刚 XIANG Hui;GUI Linsen;YANG Di;WEI Shihao;GONG Yanbin;SHI Yuangang;MA Yun;DAN Xingang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Heng Yuan Lin Farming&Animal Husbandry Ltd.,Qingtongxia 751600,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学动物科技学院,银川750021 [2]青铜峡市恒源林牧有限公司,青铜峡751600

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2024年第4期1412-1422,共11页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：宁夏重点研发项目(2021BBF02037,2022BBF03023);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-36)。

摘　　要：减少输精次数,缩短空怀间隔,提高奶牛妊娠率是提高奶牛繁殖效率,节约养殖成本的重要保障。奶牛同期发情-定时输精技术不仅能满足上述要求,还能跳过发情鉴定环节,直接进行定时输精,进而最大限度提高奶牛繁殖率。本文介绍了奶牛同期发情-定时人工输精(estrous synchronization-fixed-timed artificial insemination, ES-TAI)发展过程中的常用技术和新技术,并将这些技术按不同的处理方式进行归纳分析,重点论述各类技术的原理、操作流程以及实际应用效果,以期为进一步研发更加高效的奶牛同期发情-定时输精新技术和规模化牧场奶牛的繁殖管理提供一定的参考。Reducing the numbers of insemination,shortening pregnancy intervals,and increasing the pregnancy rate of cows are the important guarantee for improving the reproductive efficiency of dairy cows and reducing breeding costs.Estrous synchronization-fixed-time artificial insemination(ES-TAI)can not only meet the above requirements,but also skip the estrus identification process and directly carry out timed insemination,thus maximizing the reproduction rate of dairy cows.In the article,classic and new ES-TAI technologies of dairy cows were summarizes according to different processing methods,focusing on the principles,handling procedures and practical application effects of those technologies,which will provide some references for the further research and development of more efficient ES-TAI technologies in dairy cows and the reproduction management of dairy cows in large-scale farms.

关 键 词：奶牛 同期发情-定时输精技术 妊娠率 预同期 双同期 

分 类 号：S823.91[农业科学—畜牧学]