不锈钢在盐酸介质中的耐腐蚀性能研究现状及展望  

Research Status and Prospect of Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Medium

作　　者：梁东光 张君阳 陈芳芳 田文明 程法嵩 LIANG Dongguang;ZHANG Junyang;CHEN Fangfang;TIAN Wenming;CHENG Fasong(School of Materials Engineering,North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering,Langfang 065000,Hebei,China;Aero Engine Corporation of China(AECC)Guizhou Liyang Aviation Power Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550014,China)

机构地区：[1]北华航天工业学院材料工程学院,河北廊坊065000 [2]中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司工程技术部,贵阳550014

出　　处：《焊管》2024年第4期1-9,24,共10页Welded Pipe and Tube

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目“航空钛合金耐磨抗疲劳复合强化层设计及抗性机理研究”(项目编号236Z1012G)。

摘　　要：不锈钢作为用量最大的耐蚀合金,广泛应用于石油石化、医药等富含盐酸的环境中,但随着服役环境日益苛刻,不锈钢仍会发生腐蚀,如何有效防止腐蚀失效,成为了金属材料腐蚀防护领域研究的重点。介绍了不锈钢在盐酸介质中的腐蚀研究方法,重点分析了不锈钢耐盐酸腐蚀的机理、钝化膜的溶解破坏行为和影响因素,指出了耐盐酸腐蚀不锈钢的选材原则和发展方向,为不锈钢在盐酸腐蚀环境中的应用和选材提供参考。As the most widely used corrosion⁃resistant alloy,stainless steel is widely used in environments rich in hydrochloric acid such as petroleum,petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries.However,with the increasingly harsh service environment,stainless steel will still be corroded.How to effectively prevent corrosion failure has become the focus of research in the field of corrosion protection of metal materials.The corrosion research methods of stainless steel in hydrochloric acid medium are introduced.The mechanism of hydrochloric acid corrosion resistance of stainless steel,the dissolution and failure behavior of passive film and the influencing factors are emphatically analyzed.The material selection principle and development direction of hydrochloric acid corrosion resistant stainless steel are pointed out,which provides reference for the application and material selection of stainless steel in hydrochloric acid corrosion environment.

关 键 词：不锈钢 盐酸 腐蚀 钝化膜 电化学 

分 类 号：TG178[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]