欧盟精细化数据立法下的数据保护与流通  

Data protection and circulation under EU delicate data legislation

作　　者：何润韬 He Runtao(People′s Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学,北京100038

出　　处：《网络安全与数据治理》2024年第4期61-66,共6页CYBER SECURITY AND DATA GOVERNANCE

摘　　要：近年来欧盟数据领域的立法重点产生了一定的价值转向,欧盟法作为大陆法系的重要组成部分与我国法律体系一脉相承。研究欧盟数据立法进程所彰显的法治精神和价值导向对于我国数据治理工作具有一定借鉴意义。以欧盟有关数据治理的宪章、公约、条约、战略、法律与法案为分析文本,对欧盟系列规范性文本进行共时性与历时性的双维度研究以厘清其立法思路演变与路径选择。在研究过程中发现欧盟对于数据这一新型生产要素在被纳入法律视野中后而产生的数据权这一概念存在着从传统人格权向财产权的认知转变,进而梳理出欧盟从传统的数据保护转向数据流通与赋能的立法嬗变趋势,并得出对我国数据治理的三点启示:数据战略建构应追求结构体系化、数据权利创设应考虑利益多元化和数据流通模式设计应遵循场景类型化。In recent years,the legislative focus of the EU data field has produced a value shift in a certain way,and EU law,as an important part of the civil law system,is in line with China′s legal system.The study of the spirit of the rule of law and the value orientation demonstrated by the EU data legislation process has certain referencing significance for China′s data governance.Based on the EU charters,conventions,treaties,strategies,laws and bills on data governance as the analysis text,this paper conducts a dual dimensional study featuring synchronicity and diachrony of the EU series of normative texts to clarify their legislative philosophy and path choices.During the research process,it is found that the European Union has a cognitive shift from traditional personality right to property right regarding the concept of data right,which arises from the inclusion of data as a new type of production factor from legal perspective,which has led to the EU legislative evolution trend from traditional data protection to data flow and empowerment.Besides,three inspirations concerning data governance in China have been concluded,which are the systematization of the construction of data strategy,the diversification of interests of the creation of data right and the typification of the design of data circulation models.

关 键 词：个人数据保护 数据价值流通 《通用数据保护条例》 《数据法案》 

分 类 号：D92.172[政治法律—法学]