北京白河流域不同空间尺度下水质对土地利用的响应关系  

Relationship between Water Quality and Land Use Responses at Different Spatial Scales in White River Basin in Beijing

作　　者：夏明珠 薛万来 黄俊雄 李文忠 李垒 刘可暄 李久义[1] 田秀君[1] XIA Mingzhu;XUE Wanlai;HUANG Junxiong;LI Wenzhong;LI Lei;LIU Kexuan;LI Jiuyi;TIAN Xiujun(School of Environment,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Watershed Water Environment and Ecological Technology,Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学环境学院,北京100044 [2]北京市水科学技术研究院,流域水环境与生态技术北京市重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2024年第4期764-775,共12页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目(No.Z221100005222013);国家科技重大专项(No.2018ZX07101005-03)。

摘　　要：为探究水质对土地利用的响应关系,以北京市山区典型季节性河流−白河流域14个小流域为研究对象,基于2022年汛期(7月)和非汛期(10月)水质数据及“国土三调”土地利用数据,采用Mann-Witney U检验、Spearman相关性分析、冗余分析(RDA)等统计分析方法,研究2种不同空间尺度(子流域和有水沟道带状缓冲区)下土地利用结构对pH、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TP、NO_(3)^(−)-N、TN、CODMn水质指标的影响.结果表明:①研究区土地利用类型在两种空间尺度下均以林地、园地、建设用地为主,林地占比最大,在1000 m带状缓冲区和子流域尺度下分别占78.36%和84.87%.②水质指标存在时空差异,汛期NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN平均浓度较低,非汛期NO_(3)^(−)-N、CODMn平均浓度较低;TP、NO_(3)^(−)-N属强变异类型,空间差异显著.③土地利用类型对河流水质有显著影响,汛期较非汛期影响大.建设用地和园地面积占比与各水质指标均呈显著正相关,草地面积占比与除TP浓度外的其余4项水质指标均呈显著负相关.④冗余分析结果表明,有水沟道带状1000 m缓冲区土地利用结构是对白河流域水质影响的最佳缓冲区尺度,且汛期土地利用结构对水质解释率整体高于非汛期.建议应加强对有水沟道1000 m缓冲区范围内土地利用结构的优化调整,将有助于提升密云水库上游白河流域的水生态环境状况.Exploring the response of water quality to land use,the 14 sub-basins of Baihe River Basin,a typical seasonal river in the mountainous area of Beijing were used as the study object.The study was based on the measured water quality data in the flood season(July)and the non-flood season(October)in 2022 and the land use data of‘the Third National Land Resource Survey’.The Mann-Witney U test,Spearman correlation analysis,redundancy analysis(RDA)and other statistical analyses were used to investigate the effects of land�use structure on water quality indicators such as pH,NH_(4)^(+)-N,TP,NO_(3)^(−)-N,TN,CODMn water quality indexes at two different spatial scales(sub-basin and striped buffer zone with watercourses).The results showed that:(1)The land use types in the study area were mainly forest land,garden land and construction land at both spatial scales.Forest land accounted for 78.36%and 84.87%in the 1000 m strip buffer zone with watercourses and sub-basin,respectively.(2)There were spatial and temporal differences in water quality indicators.The average concentrations of NH_(4)^(+)-N and TN were lower in the flood season,and average concentrations of NO_(3)^(−)-N and CODMn were lower in the non-flood season.TP and NO_(3)^(−)-N had large variability and significant spatial differences.(3)Land use type had a significant effect on river water quality,and the effect was greater in flood season.Among the land use types,construction land and garden land were significant positively correlated with each water quality indicator,while grassland showed negative correlation and significant negative correlation with the other four water quality indicators except TP.(4)The results of redundancy analyses showed that the land use within the 1000 m buffer zone of the watercourse strip was the best buffer scale for exploring the impacts on the water quality of the White River Basin,and the explanation rate of the land use structure on the water quality in the flood season was higher than that in the non-flood season.It

关 键 词：土地利用结构 水质 尺度效应 相关性分析 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]