孕穗-抽穗期高温下有机肥配合氮肥调控对糯稻产量和品质的影响  

Effect of organic fertilizer combined with nitrogen fertilizer regulation on yield and quality of glutinous rice during the booting-heading stage under high temperature

作　　者：王保君 程旺大[1] 沈亚强[1] 陈贵[2] 张红梅[1] WANG Baojun;CHENG Wangda;SHEN Yaqiang;CHEN Gui;ZHANG Hongmei(Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences,Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiaxing 314016,Zhejiang;Institute of Biotechnology Research,Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiaxing 314016,Zhejiang)

机构地区：[1]嘉兴市农业科学研究院生态环境研究所,浙江嘉兴314016 [2]嘉兴市农业科学研究院生物技术研究所,浙江嘉兴314016

出　　处：《浙江农业科学》2024年第4期854-858,共5页Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划(2022SNJF006);浙江省水稻新品种选育重大科技专项资助(2021C02063-3);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LTGN23D010001);嘉兴市科技计划(2021AZ10014,2023AZ11004)。

摘　　要：为了明确孕穗-抽穗期高温下有机肥配合氮肥调控对糯稻产量和品质的影响,通过随机区组试验,设置有机肥配合常规氮肥运筹(基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥=4∶3∶3,CK)、有机肥配合蘖肥前移(基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥=5∶2∶3,T-CK)、有机肥配合穗肥前移(基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥=5∶3∶2,P-CK)3个处理,结合2022年浙江省极端高温天气情况(糯稻抽穗前15 d中最高气温达到35℃以上的天数有13 d,最高气温连续超35℃的天数为12 d,危害热积温为36℃,热害强度等级为重度),研究孕穗-抽穗期高温下有机肥配合氮肥调控对糯稻产量和品质的影响。研究表明:糯稻的热害损失率同糯稻的结实率呈显著负相关。同CK相比,T-CK的穗粒数显著增加了88.0%,直链淀粉含量显著降低了50%;P-CK籽粒蛋白质含量显著降低了2.10%。在热害损失率方面,P-CK的热害损失率最低。综上所述,有机肥配合穗肥前移(基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥=5∶3∶2)可以缓解糯稻孕穗-抽穗期高温热害胁迫。In order to clarify the effects of organic fertilizer combined with nitrogen fertilizer regulation on the yield and quality of glutinous rice during the booting-heading stage under high temperature,a randomized block experiment was conducted.Three treatments were set:organic fertilizer combined with conventional nitrogen fertilizer management(base fertilizer∶tillering fertilizer∶heading fertilizer=4∶3∶3,CK),organic fertilizer combined with early tillering fertilizer(base fertilizer∶tillering fertilizer∶heading fertilizer=5∶2∶3,T-CK),and organic fertilizer combined with early heading fertilizer(base fertilizer∶tillering fertilizer∶heading fertilizer=5∶3∶2,P-CK).The study also took into account the extreme high temperature weather conditions in Zhejiang Province in 2022(with 13 days of highest temperature above 35℃and 12 consecutive days of temperature exceeding 35℃,with a heat damage degree of 36℃and a severity level of severe).The aim was to investigate the effects of organic fertilizer combined with nitrogen fertilizer regulation on the yield and quality of glutinous rice during the booting-heading stage under high temperature.This study indicates that the heat damage loss rate of glutinous rice is significantly negatively correlated with the grain setting rate of glutinous rice.Compared with CK,T-CK significantly increased the number of grains per spike by 8.80%,and significantly reduced the content of amylose by 50%;The protein content in P-CK grains significantly decreased by 2.10%.In terms of heat damage loss rate,P-CK has the lowest heat damage loss rate.In summary,the combination of organic fertilizer and panicle fertilizer(base fertilizer∶tillering fertilizer∶heading fertilizer=5∶3∶2)can alleviate high temperature and heat stress during the the booting-heading period of glutinous rice.

关 键 词：糯稻 氮肥 高温热害 品质 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]