碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料水导激光切割损伤机理研究  

Study on Damage Mechanism of Water Jet Guided Laser Cutting of CFRP

作　　者：陈忠安 包彬颖 张广义 潮阳 王玉峰 姚喆赫 焦俊科 张文武[2,3] CHEN Zhongan;BAO Binying;ZHANG Guangyi;CHAO Yang;WANG Yufeng;YAO Zhehe;JIAO Junke;ZHANG Wenwu(College of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou,310023;Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo,Zhejiang,315201;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aero Engine Extreme Manufacturing Technology,Ningbo,Zhejiang,315201;School of Mechanical Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu,225127)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学机械工程学院,杭州310023 [2]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所,宁波315201 [3]全省航空发动机极端制造技术研究重点实验室,宁波315201 [4]扬州大学机械工程学院,扬州225127

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2024年第4期700-710,共11页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51805525);中国科学院轻型动力创新研究院创新引导基金(CXYJJ20-QN-10);浙江省自然科学基金(LY21E050018);深圳市基础研究重点项目(JCYJ20200109144604020,JCYJ20210324120001003)。

摘　　要：碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)复合材料在水导激光加工后,切缝表面和横截面存在热损伤,这些损伤是影响材料力学性能、降低材料服役性能的重要因素。针对该问题,采用试验方法分析了加工参数对沟槽几何形貌和表面形貌的影响规律,研究了沟槽表面和横截面的热损伤形成机理。研究结果表明:高激光功率、低脉冲频率和低切割速度可有效增大沟槽深度;激光与材料的相互作用和水射流的冲刷作用是形成沟槽表面热损伤的主要原因。在2 mm厚CFRP切割试验中发现:横截面热影响区宽度与纤维排布方向有关,0°碳纤维热影响区宽度最大,45°和135°碳纤维热影响区宽度次之且宽度相近,90°碳纤维热影响宽度最小;另外,提高水射流速度有利于抑制热影响区的扩展,水射流速度由80 m/s提高至120 m/s,最大热影响宽度缩小35.7%。After water jet guided laser machining,CFRP exhibited thermal damages on the cut groove surfaces and cross-sections,which was an important factor affecting the material's mechanics properties and reducing the service performance.To address these issues,the influences of machining parameters on the geometric and surface morphology of grooves were analyzed,and the formation mechanism of surface and cross-sectional thermal damages was investigated herein.The results indicate that high laser power,low pulse frequency,and low cutting speed may effectively increase the depth of the grooves.The interaction between the laser and the material,as well as the flushing action of the water jet,are the main reasons for the formation of thermal damages on the groove surface.In the cutting experiment of 2 mm thick CFRP,it is found that the width of the heat affected zones in the cross-sections is related to the arrangement of the fibers.The heat affected zone width is the largest for 0°carbon fibers,followed by 45°and 135°carbon fibers,which have similar widths,and the width is the smallest for 90°carbon fibers.In addition,increasing the water jet velocity is beneficial for suppressing the expansion of the thermal affected zones.When the water jet velocity is increased from 80 m/s to 120 m/s,the maximum width of the thermal affected zones decreases by 35.7%.

关 键 词：水导激光 碳纤维增强聚合物 几何形貌 损伤机理 

分 类 号：TG485[金属学及工艺—焊接]