铆钉镀层对单边摩擦铆焊接头成形及力学性能的影响  

Influence of Rivet Coating on Formation and Mechanics Performances of SSFR Joints

作　　者：韩晓辉 林森 方喜风 王振中 孙兆刚 余飞龙 李磊 马运五[2,3] 李永兵 HAN Xiaohui;LIN Sen;FANG Xifeng;WANG Zhenzhong;SUN Zhaogang;YU Feilong;LI Lei;MA Yunwu;LI Yongbing(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,Shandong,266111;State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200240;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacture for Thin-walled Structures,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200240)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,青岛266111 [2]上海交通大学机械系统与振动国家重点实验室,上海200240 [3]上海交通大学上海市复杂薄板结构数字化制造重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2024年第4期721-730,共10页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52025058,52305393)。

摘　　要：铆钉镀层是影响铆接接头成形及力学性能的重要因素,采用单边摩擦铆焊(SSFR)工艺连接6005A-T6和6A01-T5铝合金板材,研究了无镀层、Zn镀层、ZnNi镀层三种类型铆钉对应的SSFR接头成形过程铆接力、能量输入及接头宏微观成形的演化规律,分析了接头中不同位置的镀层剩余厚度及铆钉/板材界面的元素扩散,探究了铆钉镀层对接头拉剪和十字拉伸性能的影响。研究结果表明,镀层的引入降低了铆钉旋转产生的能量输入,从而使铝合金材料的热影响区减小,但能量输入的降低不利于铆钉空腔内铝合金材料间固相连接的形成,导致接头的拉剪和十字拉伸性能下降。与Zn镀层相比,ZnNi镀层的耐磨性较强,在铆钉高速旋转的搅拌摩擦作用下镀层剩余厚度仍超过40%,有助于提高接头的抗腐蚀性能。Rivet coating was a key factor influencing the formation and mechanics performances of riveted joints.The SSFR processes were used to join 6005A-T6 and 6A01-T5 aluminum alloy sheets herein.Three types of rivets including non-coated,Zn coated,and ZnNi coated were utilized to study the evolution laws of riveting force,energy input,and formation of the SSFR joints.Moreover,the remaining thickness of the coating layers at different positions in the joints and the diffusion of coating elements at the rivet/sheet interfaces was analyzed,and the influences of the rivet coating on the tensile-shear and cross-tension performances of the joints were investigated.The results indicate that the coating reduces the energy input generated by rivet rotation,thereby reducing the heat-affected zones of aluminum alloy materials.However,the decrease in energy input is not conducive to the formation of solid phase bonding between aluminum alloy materials in the rivet cavity,resulting in a decrease in the tensile-shear and cross-tension performances of the joints.Compared with Zn coating,the ZnNi coating has stronger wear resistance,and the remaining thickness still exceeds 40%after the stirring friction caused by high-speed rotation of rivets,which helps to improve the corrosion resistance of joints.

关 键 词：单边摩擦铆焊 无预制孔连接 铝合金 铆钉镀层 失效机理 

分 类 号：TG44[金属学及工艺—焊接]