比例式变推力固体姿控发动机非稳态特性研究  

Study on Unsteady Characteristics of Proportional Variable Solid Attitude Control Motor

作　　者：张一飞 范凡[2] 李世鹏[1] 夏仕同 隋欣[1] ZHANG Yifei;FAN Fan;LI Shipeng;XIA Shitong;SUI Xin(School of Aerospace Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学宇航学院,北京100081 [2]上海航天技术研究院,上海201109

出　　处：《上海航天（中英文）》2024年第2期104-113,共10页Aerospace Shanghai（Chinese&English）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2341288)。

摘　　要：为了研究比例式变推力固体姿控发动机的内流场非稳态特性,建立了比例针栓推力器的二维轴对称计算模型,基于动网格技术模拟入口压强随喉部面积变化而变化的推力器工作模式,得到了内流场各性能参数的变化规律。结果表明:在非稳态工作过程中,内流场会出现典型的亚音速回流区、斜激波和流动分离等特征,入口压强、针栓壁面及喷管壁面压强均随针栓靠近喉部而增大,推力器推力逐渐上升,实现了推力连续调节。开关频率会加剧针栓前进过程中头部压强波动。针栓头部收敛角越大,其头部回流区越小。当喉部面积一定时,燃速压强指数越高,发动机压强与推力变化范围越大,为实现预设的推力调节范围,需要选择合适的燃速压强指数。In order to investigate the unsteady characteristics in the internal flow field of proportional variable solid attitude control motor,a two-dimensional axisymmetric model of proportional pintle thruster is established.The dynamic mesh method and custom inlet conditions are used to simulate the working mode of the thruster which inlet pressure varies with the throat area.The variations of the performance parameters of the internal flow field are obtained.The results show that the characteristics such as subsonic recirculation zones,oblique shock waves,and flow separation will appear in the internal flow field during the unsteady working process.The pressures of the inlet,the pintle wall,and the nozzle wall all increase when the distance between the pintle and the throat decreases,the thrust of the thruster gradually increases when the pintle load increases,and thus the continuous thrust regulation is achieved.The working frequency will aggravate the pressure fluctuation of the head during the pintle advance.The larger the convergence angle of the pinhead is,the smaller the head recirculation zone is.When the throat area is fixed,the higher the burning rate pressure index is,the larger the variation ranges of engine pressure and thrust are.Therefore,it is necessary to choose an appropriate pressure exponent to achieve a wide range of thrust adjustment.

关 键 词：固体姿控发动机 针栓推力器 非稳态特性 动网格方法 内流场 

分 类 号：V435.12[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]