“以膜制膜”:三维聚吡咯纳米管阵列薄膜及其应用  

Getting membrane with membrane approach:3D polypyrrole nanotube array membranes and their applications

作　　者：陈盼盼 尚薛 杭天 Panpan Chen;Xue Shang;Tian Hang(Center for Scientific Facilities Development and Management,Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems,Research Institute of Intelligent Sensing,Zhejiang Lab,Hangzhou 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]Center for Scientific Facilities Development and Management,Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems,Research Institute of Intelligent Sensing,Zhejiang Lab,Hangzhou 311121,China

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2024年第4期1310-1319,共10页中国科学（材料科学）（英文版）

基　　金：supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LY23E050007);the Research Initiation Project of Zhejiang Lab (2022MH0PI01)。

摘　　要：导电聚合物具有良好的导电性和化学稳定性等优异特性,在各种应用领域被广泛研究.三维导电聚合物具有相互连接的网络结构,可提供超高比表面积,是极具潜力的高性能材料结构.尽管纳米制造技术已取得飞速进展,但制备有序导电聚合物超结构,如有序排列的纳米通道,仍极具挑战性.本研究提出了一种简便高效的模板合成法,可制备三维聚吡咯膜结构.以柔性径迹蚀刻聚碳酸酯膜为模板,通过化学聚合法,经去除模板即可获得具有垂直排列通道和连续连接层的三维纳米管阵列薄膜.膜结构中纳米通道长度、直径等微结构尺寸均可精细调控.这种“以膜制膜”的方法具通用性、成本低等特点.进一步,我们证明了该精密膜结构在毒害离子吸附、太阳能光热转换、毒害气体传感等方面应用的可能.该结构对六价铬离子表现出快速、优异的吸附性能;无需额外表面改性和基底结构辅助,可直接应用为界面太阳能光热转换材料;对毒害气体氨气展现出优异的传感响应.该工作不仅为聚比咯精细膜结构的制备提供了一种可行的方法,也极大地拓展了三维导电聚合物材料的应用.Owing to their excellent properties,such as good conductivities and chemical stabilities,conductive polymers have been extensively studied for use in various applications.Three-dimensional(3D)conductive polymers,which contain interconnected and continuous networks with high specific surface areas,are encouraging platforms with superior performance.Despite rapid advances in nanofabrication technology,achieving ordered conductive polymer superstructures such as those in aligned nanochannels,remains challenging.Herein,we report a facile and efficient template synthetic method to fabricate 3D polypyrrole membrane structures.With flexible,track-etched polycarbonate membranes used as templates,polypyrrole nanotube arrays with tunable lengths and diameters were synthesized via chemical polymerization.Free-standing,3D nanotube array membranes with vertically aligned channels and continuous connecting layers were obtained simply by template removal.This"getting membrane with membrane"approach is also scalable and low-cost.We further demonstrated that delicate membrane structures could be used as adsorbents,solar steaming materials,and gas sensors.They exhibited quick and excellent adsorption of Cr(VI)ions,served directly as a solar interfacial evaporator without surface modification or substrate support,and showed an extraordinary sensing response to NH_(3). Our work provides a feasible way to fabricate polypyrrole superstructures and expands the applications of 3D conductive polymer materials.

关 键 词：导电聚合物 纳米通道 六价铬离子 聚碳酸酯膜 高性能材料 膜结构 有序排列 垂直排列 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业] TB383.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]