固体氧化物电解池的发展及研究现状  

Development and research status of solid oxide electrolysis cell

作　　者：李晓艳 李星[2] 魏甲明[1] 付云枫 陈宋璇[1] 王玮玮[1] 刘召波 LI Xiaoyan;LI Xing;WEI Jiaming;FU Yunfeng;CHEN Songxuan;WANG Weiwei;LIU Zhaobo(China ENFI Engineering Corporation,Beijing 100038,China;Zhengzhou University,Henan Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国恩菲工程技术有限公司,北京100038 [2]郑州大学,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2024年第2期1-12,共12页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2900107);中国五矿科创基金项目。

摘　　要：固体氧化物电解池(SOEC)可以高效、清洁地与可再生能源进行耦合并将其转化为化学能,是一种高效、环保的能量转化装置,但是存在长期运行性能衰减问题,这个问题也是固体氧化物电解水制氢实现大规模商业化的关键所在。本文简要介绍了SOEC的发展历程、类别及其组成和运行原理;详细阐述了该项技术的优、缺点及运行成本;重点对SOEC性能衰减的因素进行了分析,SOEC的组成、运行模式、连接板材料及运行条件等是造成性能衰减的主要因素;最后通过论文和专利数量分析了固体氧化物电解池的研究现状和未来发展趋势,认为虽然固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)发展较为成熟,但迫于目前环境需求,为了充分利用清洁能源,降低碳排放,SOEC制氢技术的大规模商业化必然是未来行业的发展方向,目前SOEC性能的稳定及低成本制备是该技术发展面临的主要问题。Solid oxide electrolysis cell(SOEC)can efficiently and cleanly couple with renewable energy and convert it into chemical energy.It is an efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion device,but there is a problem of longterm operational performance degradation,which is also the key to achieving largescale commercialization of hydrogen production through solid oxide electrolysis of water.This article briefly introduces the development history,categories,composition,and operating principles of SOEC.Elaborating on the advantages,disadvantages and operating costs of this technology.The main factors causing performance degradation of SOEC are analyzed,including its composition,operating mode,connecting plate material,and operating conditions.Finally,the research status and future development trends of SOEC are analyzed through the number of papers and patents.It is believed that although the development of solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)is relatively mature,but due to current environmental needs,in order to fully utilize clean energy and reduce carbon emissions,the largescale commercialization of SOEC hydrogen production technology is bound to be the direction of future industry development.At present,the performance stability and lowcost preparation of SOEC are the main problems,facing the development of this technology.

关 键 词：固体氧化物电解池(SOEC) 制氢技术 电解池性能 制备成本 固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC) 储能电池 清洁能源 

分 类 号：TQ116.2[化学工程—无机化工]