股份合作制改革与农村集体经营性资产治理绩效  

Shareholding Cooperative Reform and the Governance Performance of Rural Collective-operated Assets

作　　者：秦国庆 杜宝瑞 马九杰[1] QIN Guoqing;DU Baorui;MA Jiujie(School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development,Renmin University of China;School of Finance,Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,100872 [2]中国人民大学财政金融学院

出　　处：《经济理论与经济管理》2024年第3期17-32,共16页Economic Theory and Business Management

基　　金：“清华农村研究博士论文奖学金”项目(202012);国家自然科学基金项目“农户分化、规则变迁与农田灌溉系统管护绩效研究”(72003056)的资助。

摘　　要：股份合作制改革是推动农村集体经营性资产实现“共建共治共享”治理格局的可行思路,但其实施成效仍有待严谨的检验。本文使用河南省381宗农村集体经营性资产的治理历程调查数据,采用交错双重差分法,从公平和效率两个维度评估了股份合作制改革对农村集体经营性资产治理绩效的影响。研究结果表明:(1)股份合作制改革能够破除资产占有主体错位、收益分配不公的“异化”问题,促进农村集体经营性资产公平共享;(2)股份合作制改革能够破除资产经营成本高企的“拥挤”问题,提高农村集体经营性资产经营效率;(3)从短期效果来看,股份合作制改革并未促进农村集体经营性资产增值;(4)股份合作制改革对资产治理绩效的影响依试点类型、资产类型、村庄类型、股权设置、股份管理、治理结构、表决原则的差异而存在异质性。为推动改革任务全面准确落实,应秉承时间服从质量的进度要求,完善改革验收办法,适时开展改革“回头看”工作。In China, rural collective-operated assets are one of the most crucial capitals that contribute to the prosperity of the collective economy. However, due to the dissolution of People's Commune, the tangible organizations that used to govern collective ownership no longer exist. Although the nominal ownership of these assets belongs to the collective, a large majority of the collective members do not benefit from them.To address the issue mentioned above, China launched the shareholding cooperative reform for collective-operated assets at the end of 2016. This reform aims to promote co-construction, co-governance and co-sharing of collective-operated assets, and make property rights of these assets clearer, thereby enhancing the efficiency of assets' allocation and ensuring fair distribution of assets' benefits among the collective members. Therefore, does the effect of this reform align with the expectations?Using four-period data of 381 rural collective-operated assets from Henan province and the method of staggered difference-in-differences, this paper tries to address the above question by examining the effect of shareholding cooperative reform on governance performance from the perspectives of fairness and efficiency. We come to the following conclusions. First, the shareholding cooperative reform can promote the fair sharing of rural collective-operated assets by reducing illegal occupation and unfair distribution. Second, the shareholding cooperative reform can improve the operational efficiency of rural collective-operated assets by reducing the operational cost. Third, the shareholding cooperative reform does not lead to an appreciation in assets in the short term. Fourth, the effect of shareholding cooperative reform on governance performance is heterogeneous depending on the pilot type, the asset type, the rural type, the form of shares setting, the form of shares management, the structure of collective organization and the principle of voting process.This paper has the following contributions. First, b

关 键 词：股份合作制改革 农村集体经营性资产 治理绩效 交错双重差分法 

分 类 号：F321.32[经济管理—产业经济]