计算机辅助空间结构节点智能优化设计与3D打印  

Intelligent optimization and 3D printing of joints in spatial structures based on computer-aided technologies

作　　者：左文康 陈满泰 程斌[1,2,3] 赵金城 ZUO Wenkang;CHEN Mantai;CHENG Bin;ZHAO Jincheng(School of Naval Architecture,Ocean&Civil Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学海洋工程国家重点实验室,上海200240 [3]上海交通大学上海市公共建筑和基础设施数字化运维重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2024年第4期131-141,共11页Journal of Building Structures

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52378167,52108157);上海市自然科学基金项目(21ZR1429000);上海市社会发展科技攻关项目(21DZ1204600)。

摘　　要：为解决空间结构节点拓扑优化与3D打印设计制造方法参数化程度低的问题,提出了一套完整的计算机辅助设计(CAD)、计算机辅助工程(CAE)和计算机辅助制造(CAM)工作流,用于空间结构节点智能化拓扑优化设计、数值分析和3D打印制造。首先基于参数化平台Grasshopper建立空间结构节点的参数化一体化拓扑优化CAD程序,自动生成优化节点模型;利用Abaqus/CAE平台对优化节点进行有限元结构分析;通过Fusion 360的CAM模块完成3D打印设计仿真和生成制造文件。结合单层网壳和双层网架结构的节点实例,验证了提出的工作流的适用性。分析结果表明:智能生成的节点较传统形式节点更美观独特且具有轻质高强的特性,在相同受力工况下,优化节点的体积仅为传统空心球节点的40%~60%,其柔度、峰值位移和峰值应力等各项力学性能指标即可优于空心球节点;采用316L不锈钢材料,基于选区激光熔融3D打印工艺可实现该高性能节点的精密制造。To deal with the issue of low degree of parameterization for the topology optimization-3D printing design and manufacturing of spatial structure joints,a complete workflow of computer-aided design(CAD),computer-aided engineering(CAE),and computer-aided manufacturing(CAM)was proposed for the design,numerical analysis and 3D printing fabrication of topology optimized steel joints in spatial structures.An integrated parametric CAD topology optimization framework for joints in spatial structures was established based on the Grasshopper platform to intelligently generate the optimized joints.The topology optimized joints were numerically studied through the Abaqus/CAE platform.The 3D printing design,simulation and manufacturing command were completed by the CAM module embedded in Fusion 360 platform.Two design examples of steel joints in a single-layer gridshell structure and a double-layer spatial grid structure were presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed workflow.The results show that compared to the traditional joint types,the novel generated joints have more aesthetic architectural appearance and superior structural performance with lighter weight.The optimized joint with only 40%-60%weight of the traditional hollow spherical joint counterpart exhibits better structural performance in terms of the compliance,maximum displacement and maximum stress.The precision manufacturing of such optimized high-performance joints could be achieved by selective laser melting technology using 316L stainless steel powder.

关 键 词：空间结构 节点 计算机辅助技术 拓扑优化 3D打印 

分 类 号：TU391[建筑科学—结构工程]