语言与人脑科学研究中的“伽利略谜题”  

“The Galilean Challenge”in the Study of Language and Human Brain Sciences

作　　者：司富珍[1] SI Fuzhen(Department of Linguistics/Institute for Chomsky Studies/Lab for Biolinguistics and Brain Science,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学语言学系/乔姆斯基研究所/生物语言学与脑科学实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《外国语》2024年第2期2-9,共8页Journal of Foreign Languages

基　　金：北京语言大学教改重点项目“语言与人脑科学”课程体系建设(XJGZ201907)。

摘　　要：本文首先回顾了语言与人脑科学学科产生的历史背景,而后聚焦于语言与人脑科学研究中的一个重要论题即“伽利略谜题”展开评述。主要观点是:1)“伽利略谜题”代表了乔姆斯基对人类语言本质一贯的理论思考,它与语言知识获得的“柏拉图问题”有着共同的理论关切,可以在17、18世纪以来的认知科学传统中找到源头,是语言学与心理学、神经科学、生物学等相关学科相互交叉和渗透的重要促动因素;2)由于语言外化的多样性,需要通过对包含隐性成分在内的“拼盘式”外化现象进行综合考察才能准确还原I-语言简约性的真实本质;3)语言与人脑科学学科对简约性的追求是爱因斯坦所说的科学理论建构中“神奇原则”的一个体现;4)运用强式制图策略对各种或显或隐的功能中心语进行考察有助于深化对“伽利略谜题”的理解。This article first reviews the background behind the emergence of the discipline of Language and Human Brain Sciences.It then focuses on one of the essential topics within the study of language and brain:the Galilean Challenge.The main viewpoints are as follows:1)The concept of the Galilean Challenge represents Chomsky’s consistent thoughts on the nature of language.It shares a common theoretical concern with Plato’s Problem of language acquisition,the study of which can trace back to the tradition since the 17th and 18th centuries.This has been one of the driving factors for the intersection and infiltration of linguistics,psychology,neuroscience,biology and other related disciplines;2)Given the diversity in language externalization,a comprehensive examination of the so-called"patchwork"externalization,encompassing implicit components,is necessary to accurately capture the true essence of the simplicity of I-language;3)The pursuit of simplicity in studying language and human brain sciences mirrors Einstein's"Miracle Creed"in formulating scientific theories;4)Employing the strongest cartographic strategy in exploring various explicit or implicit functional heads can significantly enhance our understanding of the Galilean Challenge.

关 键 词：伽利略谜题 语言与人脑科学 神奇原则 外化 强式制图策略 

分 类 号：H0-06[语言文字—语言学]