瓦斯抽采地质异常区微震响应规律研究  

Microseismic response regularity during gas extraction in geological anomaly area

作　　者：赵立松 周金艳 ZHAO Lisong;ZHOU Jinyan(Hebei Coal Science Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xingtai 054000,China;Key Laboratory of Mine Water Disaster Detection and Prevention and Control,National Mine Safety Administration,Xingtai 054000,China;Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Mine Microseismicity,Xingtai 054000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北煤炭科学研究院有限公司,河北邢台054000 [2]矿井水害探测与防控国家矿山安全监察局重点实验室,河北邢台054000 [3]河北省矿井微震重点实验室,河北邢台054000

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2024年第3期96-101,共6页Coal Engineering

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(216Z3903G)。

摘　　要：瓦斯抽采活动会使得煤岩体应力分布发生变化,导致煤岩体内裂隙扩展发育直至破坏,出现微小量级的高频率微破裂信号。利用微震监测技术可有效识别这种微破裂信号,对抽采过程进行实时动态监测,可探查地质异常区、隐伏构造等。九龙矿15240工作面在瓦斯抽采活动影响下,在距离采线较远的某一空间区域内,单日微震事件数量成倍增长(2~12倍)且时间序列连续,该区域则识别为瓦斯抽采地质异常区。通过分析微震数据时空序列演化、垂向发育、能量等信息并总结其响应特征,结果表明:随着瓦斯抽采时间序列的延续,地质异常区微震事件活动性由强到弱,空间分布呈现“集中式-分散式”演化趋势。顶板0~5 m占比明显高于正常回采阶段,底板5~15 m占比较大。微震事件能量呈不规则U型分布,整体能量相比回采数据增长38倍,应注意加强水文地质观测。Gas extraction activities are likely to change the stress distribution of coal and rock mass,leading to the expansion and development of cracks in coal and rock mass until failure,and the occurrence of high frequency micro-fracture signal of small magnitude.The microseismic monitoring technology can be used to identify the micro-fracture signal effectively,monitor the extraction process in real time,and detect geological anomaly areas and hidden structures.Under the influence of gas extraction at 15240 working face,the number of single-day microseismic events increases exponentially(2-12 times)and the time series is continuous in a certain spatial area far from the mining line,and this area is identified as a geological anomaly area under the influence of gas extraction.The response characteristics of microseismic data were summarized by analyzing the evolution characteristics of temporal and spatial series,vertical disturbance range and energy in space.With the continuation of gas extraction time series,the activity of microseismic events in geological anomaly areas changed from strong to weak,and the spatial distribution presented a“central-distributed”evolution trend.The proportion of roof 0~5 m was significantly higher than that of normal stoping stage,and the proportion of floor 5~15 m is large.The energy of microseismic events distributed in an irregular U-shaped,and the overall energy increased 3~8 times compared with the recovery data,attention should be paid to strengthening hydrogeological observations.

关 键 词：微震 地质异常区 瓦斯抽采 底板扰动深度 能量 

分 类 号：TD163[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]