复合菌制剂对麻羽肉鸡性能和肠道微生物的影响  

Effects of Compound Bacterial Preparation on Performance and Gut Microbiota of Mayu Broilers

作　　者：徐兰梦 袁岩聪 彭昕 张城 张宏亮 方成伟 万堃 何航 张传师[3] 刘安芳[1] 章杰[1] XU Lanmeng;YUAN Yancong;PENG Xin;ZHANG Cheng;ZHANG Hongliang;FANG Chengwei;WAN Kun;HE Hang;ZHANG Chuanshi;LIU Anfang;ZHANG Jie(College of Animal Science and Technology,Southwest University,Rongchang Chongqing 402460,China;Wuhan Xinhongji Biotechnology Co.Ltd,Wuhan 430070,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College,Wanzhou Chongqing 404155,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学动物科学技术学院,重庆荣昌402460 [2]武汉新宏玑生物科技有限公司,武汉430070 [3]重庆三峡职业学院动物科技学院,重庆万州404155

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期87-98,共12页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项(CSTB2022TIAD-ZXX0038);重庆市教委科学研究项目(KJQN202103507).

摘　　要：研究饲粮中添加不同水平复合菌制剂对麻羽肉鸡血清代谢、生长、消化、免疫性能和肠道微生物的影响,选取240只体况健康的1日龄麻羽肉鸡(公、母鸡比例为1∶1),随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只,分别在基础饲粮中添加0(对照),0.05%,0.1%和0.2%的复合菌制剂,试验期共90 d.结果表明:与对照相比,0.1%复合菌制剂组显著提高了麻羽肉鸡平均日增质量、采食量、胸腺、法氏囊、胰腺、空肠、回肠器官指数以及血清总蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)和溶菌酶水平(p<0.05),显著降低了血清碱性磷酸酶活性(p<0.05);0.05%和0.2%复合菌制剂组显著降低了血清谷草转氨酶活性(p<0.05);不同水平复合菌制剂均显著提高了钙和磷消化率,0.1%复合菌制剂组显著提高了肠道绒毛高度和黏膜厚度(p<0.05).回归分析显示回肠绒毛高度、IgG和甘油三酯水平与复合菌制剂添加量呈显著二项式关系(p≤0.05),且0.1%复合菌制剂组达到最优.此外,复合菌制剂显著改变了麻羽肉鸡盲肠微生物的β多样性(p<0.05),门水平上,主要由拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)组成;属水平上,相对丰度占比超过1%的共有菌有Bacteroides,Mucispirillum,Desulfovibrio等6种;0.2%复合菌制剂组显著提高了疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)和帕拉普氏菌属(Paraprevotella)的相对丰度(p<0.05),显著降低了普拉梭菌属(Faecalibacterium)的相对丰度(p<0.05).复合菌制剂可不同程度地改善麻羽肉鸡血清代谢、生长、消化和免疫性能,并对肠道菌群结构产生影响,其中0.1%为适宜添加量.The aim of this study was to explore the effects of adding different levels of compound bacterial preparations in the diet on serum biochemistry,growth,digestion,immune performance and gut microbiota of Mayu broilers.A total of 240 healthy 1-day-old Mayu broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group,and 10 broilers in each replicate.In the basal diet,0(control),0.05%,0.1%and 0.2%of the compound bacterial preparation were added,respectively.The results showed that compared with the control group,the supplementation of 0.1%compound bacterial preparation significantly increased the average daily gain,feed intake,thymus,bursa,pancreas,jejunum and ileum index,and the content of serum total protein,high density lipoprotein,IgG,lysozyme of Mayu broilers(p<0.05),while the serum alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly reduced(p<0.05).The 0.05%and 0.2%of compound bacterial preparations significantly reduced the serum aspartate aminotransferase activity(p<0.05).Different levels of compound bacterial preparations significantly improved the digestibility of Ca,P and 0.1%of compound bacterial preparations significantly increased the gut villi height and mucosal thickness(p<0.05).Regression analysis showed that ileal villus height,IgG and triglyceride content had a significant quadratic relationship with the content of the(p≤0.05),with the highest level in 0.1%of compound bacterial preparation.In addition,the compound bacterial preparations significantly changed theβ-diversity of gut microbiota in Mayu broilers(p<0.05).At the phylum level,it was mainly composed of Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria.At the genus level,there were six common bacteria,including Bacteroides,Mucispirillum and Desulfovibrio etc,with relative abundance higher than 1%.The 0.2%compound bacterial preparation significantly increased the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia and Paraprevotella(p<0.05),while it significantly decreased Faecalibacterium(p<0.05).The results indicate the compound bacteria prepar

关 键 词：复合菌 麻羽肉鸡 生长 消化 免疫 肠道微生物 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]