新型万向球摆式隔震装置的设计与应用  

Design and application of a novel type of pendulum isolation device using universal balls

作　　者：赵守江[1] 柏文[2,3] 戴君武 ZHAO Shoujiang;BAI Wen;DAI Junwu(The Palace Museum,Beijing 100009,China;Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,Harbin 150080,China;Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation,Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院,北京100009 [2]中国地震局工程力学研究所地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [3]地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《地震工程与工程振动》2024年第2期89-97,共9页Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1521000);故宫博物院科研项目(KT2017-09)。

摘　　要：针对浮放物体防震保护的迫切需求,研发了一款基于万向球的摆式隔震装置。首先介绍了它的构造特征与运行原理,并以某陈列佛塔为对象进行方案设计,利用有限元软件模拟万向球与圆盘间的接触关系,评估该装置的承载能力;然后通过试验验证了内部阻尼机构力学模型的准确性,采用时程分析法检验了该装置在8度极罕遇地震作用下的隔震效果,并与传统滑动摩擦摆的减震性能进行了对比。结果表明,该隔震装置不仅结构简单、性能可靠,而且具有摩擦系数低,起滑加速度阈值小,阻尼灵活可调的特点。装置中的点面接触具有一定的承载能力,能够满足设计需求。端部设置黏滞阻尼器的阻尼机构表现出明显的速度相关性,阻尼力会随速度的增大而增大。该装置隔震性能良好,在满足位移限值的情况下达到了设定的隔震目标,而且相比于传统型,在位移和加速度响应均需兼顾的情况下,通过合理调整阻尼机构的性能参数,该装置在各地震工况中能够取得更优的综合隔震效果。Aiming at the demand of seismic protection of free-standing objects,a pendulum isolation device based on universal balls was developed.The structural characteristics and operation principle were introduced,and the design of an isolation device for protecting a pagoda could serve as a case study.Then the finite element software was used to analyze the bearing capacity between the universal ball and the disc.The accuracy of the damping mechanism analysis model was verified by tests.The isolation effect of the device under the eight-degree extremely rare earthquakes was analyzed by time history method,and was compared with the traditional friction pendulum.The results show that the isolation device not only has simple structure and reliable performance,but also has the characteristics of low friction coefficient,small acceleration threshold for triggering slip and flexibly adjustable damping mechanism.The carrying capacity of the node-to-surface contact can meet the design requirement.By means of viscous damper at one end,the damping mechanism shows obvious velocity correlation,and damping force increases with the increase of velocity.The device can achieve the isolation target while satisfying the displacement limit.Compared with the traditional type,when the displacement and acceleration response are limited,the device can achieve better comprehensive isolation effect under various seismic conditions by reasonably adjusting parameters of the damping mechanism.

关 键 词：摆式 隔震装置 万向球 阻尼机构 浮放物体 丝杠 

分 类 号：TU352.1[建筑科学—结构工程] TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]