污水生物脱氮外加碳源的开发与应用  

Development and Application of External Carbon Sources for Biological Denitrification in Wastewater

作　　者：李英特 刘世婷 陈洪斌[1] LI Yingte;LIU Shiting;CHEN Hongbin(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Sichuan Environmental Protection Industry Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610046,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]四川省环保产业集团有限公司,四川成都610046

出　　处：《净水技术》2024年第4期16-27,共12页Water Purification Technology

摘　　要：外加碳源在污水生物脱氮过程中发挥着重要作用。根据外加碳源参与生物反硝化反应的作用机制及利用速率的差异性,可将其分为速效碳源、缓释碳源和迟效类碳源,其中后两者合称为复合型碳源。文章第一部分总结了速效碳源的不同种类对反硝化性能和污泥性状的影响。第二部分阐述了以天然植物基质浸出液和可生物降解聚合物为代表的缓释碳源。第三部分介绍了以餐厨垃圾发酵液、污水厂污泥水解液及高浓度有机废水发酵液为代表的迟效碳源。基于降低脱氮成本和废物资源化利用等目的,概述这两类复合碳源的制备过程、生物脱氮性能以及实际应用的可行性等方面内容,提出其质量和性能提升的潜在路径。最后指出建立新型复合碳源的综合性能评价体系是开发利用生物脱氮用新型外加碳源的前提和保障。External carbon sources play an important role in the process of biological denitrification of wastewater.According to the mechanism of action and the variability of the utilization rate of external carbon sources involved in biological denitrification reaction,they can be divided into fast-acting carbon source,slow-release carbon source,and delayed-effect carbon source,the latter two of which are collectively called composite carbon sources.This review firstly summarizes the effects of different types of fast-acting carbon source on denitrification performance and sludge properties.The second part describes the slow-release carbon source represented by natural plant substrate leachate and biodegradable polymers.The third part describes the delayed-effect carbon source represented by kitchen bio-waste fermentation broth,sludge hydrolysis broth in wastewater treatment plant and high concentration organic wastewater fermentation broth.Based on the purposes of reducing denitrification cost and waste resource utilization,the preparation process,biological denitrification performance and feasibility of practical application of these two types of composite carbon sources are outlined,and potential paths for their quality and performance improvement are proposed.Finally,it is pointed out that the establishment of a comprehensive performance evaluation system for new composite carbon sources is a prerequisite and guarantee for the development and utilization of new external carbon sources for biological denitrification.

关 键 词：污水处理 生物脱氮 外加碳源 厌氧发酵 缓释碳源 迟效碳源 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]